Acute appendicitis following the COVID-19 vaccine

Oganesyan, Ani; Schäfer, Michal; Lesh, Caitlyn

doi:10.1093/jscr/rjac295

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…Other less frequent causes of acute abdomen were not included in the study. The characteristics of the included studies are described in more detail in Table 1 [ 13 15 16 17 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mean age was estimated to be 48.6±21.45 years, with a slight predominance by females. AA occurred mainly after administration of Pfizer-BioNTech (mRNA) vaccine (n=2) [ 13 21 ] followed by Moderna (mRNA) (n=1) [ 22 ]. In other studies, the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine was associated with AA with a risk ratio of 1.40 (95% confidence interval, 1.02 to 2.01) in contrast to the Moderna (mRNA) vaccine, where a weak association was found in certain age groups, in both cases demonstrated within 21 days of vaccine administration [ 38 39 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Case report and case series studies report the occurrence of acute abdomen such as acute appendicitis [ 13 ], acute pancreatitis [ 14 ], diverticulitis [ 15 ], cholecystitis [ 16 ], and colitis [ 17 ] as a possible complication of COVID-19 vaccination. These studies are of current interest in surgical and clinical medical practice; therefore, our objective was to perform a systematic review of case reports and case series to describe in detail the possible association, the clinical and demographic characteristics of development of acute abdomen following COVID-19 vaccination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute abdomen following COVID-19 vaccination: a systematic review

Cahuapaza-Gutierrez,

Pajuelo-Vasquez,

Quiroz-Narvaez

et al. 2024

Clin Exp Vaccine Res

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Purpose Conduct a systematic review of case reports and case series regarding the development of acute abdomen following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination, to describe the possible association and the clinical and demographic characteristics in detail. Materials and Methods This study included case report studies and case series that focused on the development of acute abdomen following COVID-19 vaccination. Systematic review studies, literature, letters to the editor, brief comments, and so forth were excluded. PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases were searched until June 15, 2023. The Joanna Briggs Institute tool was used to assess the risk of bias and the quality of the study. Descriptive data were presented as frequency, median, mean, and standard deviation. Results Seventeen clinical case studies were identified, evaluating 17 patients with acute abdomen associated with COVID-19 vaccination, which included acute appendicitis (n=3), acute pancreatitis (n=9), diverticulitis (n=1), cholecystitis (n=2), and colitis (n=2). The COVID-19 vaccine most commonly linked to acute abdomen was Pfizer-BioNTech (messenger RNA), accounting for 64.71% of cases. Acute abdomen predominantly occurred after the first vaccine dose (52.94%). All patients responded objectively to medical (88.34%) and surgical (11.76%) treatment and were discharged within a few weeks. No cases of death were reported. Conclusion Acute abdomen is a rare complication of great interest in the medical and surgical practice of COVID-19 vaccination. Our study is based on a small sample of patients; therefore, it is recommended to conduct future observational studies to fully elucidate the underlying mechanisms of this association.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute abdomen following COVID-19 vaccination: a systematic review

Cahuapaza-Gutierrez,

Pajuelo-Vasquez,

Quiroz-Narvaez

et al. 2024

Clin Exp Vaccine Res

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“…As a result, an increased incidence of complicated appendicitis was reported in most countries after the implementation of the city lockdowns and the stay-at-home advice [ 13 ]. There have also been some indications regarding the role of COVID-19 vaccines in the development of acute appendicitis as a hypothetical adverse event [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Appendicitis Following COVID-19 Infection in Pediatric Patients: A Single Center’s Study in Greece

et al. 2023

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Purpose: This study investigated the potential association between the previous severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) positive infection, as well as vaccination, and the presentation of acute appendicitis in pediatric patients. It has been three years since the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, and city lockdowns and self-protective measures have been applied worldwide. In an effort to contribute to the research on the probable long-term complications of the COVID-19 infection as well as the vaccination against SARS-CoV-2, the current study was designed and investigated patients’ health records in the post-quarantine era. Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients admitted and treated surgically for acute appendicitis from January 2022 to June 2022 was conducted. Demographic and personal data, as well as the COVID-19 infection history of each child, were recorded. The patients who were negative for a previous COVID-19 infection were excluded. For the rest of the sample, the time-to-onset of acute appendicitis, the severity of appendicitis (complicated or uncomplicated), and the vaccination status of the patients were examined. Regarding the time-to-onset of appendicitis, we divided the patients into three groups: group A with a time-to-onset < 3 months, group B with a time-to-onset of 3–6 months, and group C with a time-to-onset of >6 months. Statistical analysis followed and was considered significant if p < 0.05. Results: Sixty-six children with a mean age of 10.5 years (range 1–15 years) were admitted for acute appendicitis during the determined period. After excluding 30 children that were negative for previous COVID-19 infection, we divided the patients into three groups: group A-23 children, group B-7 children, and group C-6 children. A statistically significant incidence of acute appendicitis diagnosis in <3 months after laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 infection (p < 0.01) was found. The incidence of complicated appendicitis was greater in patients with a positive SARS-CoV-2 history, with an estimated odds ratio of 1.8 (p > 0.05). The majority of the children (92%) had not received a COVID-19 vaccination. For the vaccinated children, the relative risk for complicated appendicitis was equal to 1.5 (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The results of our study demonstrate a potential positive relationship between COVID-19 infection and subsequent acute appendicitis in pediatric patients. There are also some speculations on the presentation of complicated cases of appendicitis following COVID-19 infection or vaccination, but these need to be further proven. Further data are required to better understand this potential complication of COVID-19 infection as well as the role of vaccines in the current post-vaccine era.

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“…[1] Monitoring and carefully documenting any negative effects that would otherwise go undetected during immunization studies is essential. [2] Disproportionate reporting of adverse events and an Israeli cohort research that predicted an increased incidence of appendicitis of 5.0 occurrences per 100,000 people after immunization supported this notion. [3] There is no connection between receiving mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccinations and appendicitis, according to a recent Danish study.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%