Acute Annular Outer Retinopathy

Acute Annular Outer Retinopathy: Literature Review and a Report of 2 Cases

“…1,2 In the remaining 2 cases, 1 (5.6%) demonstrated a small focus of hyperfluorescence temporal to the optic nerve, 5 while the other (5.6%) had an area of RPE atrophy stained in late frames and showed blocked fluorescence from pigment clumping. 16 In the other 11 cases (61.1%), including the 2 presented in this report, the area of the affected retina appeared hyperfluorescent on FA. [6][7][8][9][10][11]14 Four (22.2%) of these reported a hypofluorescent ring at the edge of the affected retina.…”

“…In at least 6 cases (30.0%), the retinal whitening resolved by 6 weeks or sooner. 1,7,10,11,14,15 In contrast, 1 case showed progression over more than 14 months. 13 In 11 cases (55.0%) that showed long-term follow-up, including Case 1 from this report, there was some degree of RPE mottling, pigmentary migration, or atrophy noted with the resolution of the retinal whitening.…”

“…In 18 cases (90.0%), including the 2 from our work, FA was reported. 1,2,[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]14,15 In 7 (38.9%) of these, the whitish-gray annular retinal change seen clinically appeared unremarkable on FA. 1,2,5,6,11,12 In 3 (16.7%) of these cases, the overall angiogram was normal early in the disease, 11,12,15 while in another 2 cases (11.1%), delayed dye transit in the involved quadrant was observed.…”

“…[6][7][8][9][10][11]14 Four (22.2%) of these reported a hypofluorescent ring at the edge of the affected retina. [6][7][8][9] Including 1 case from this report, there was staining of retinal veins in 4 cases (22.2%), 1,6,15 and of the optic nerve in 2 cases (11.1%). 6 Indocyanine green angiography (ICG) was reported in 6 cases (30.0%).…”

“…6 Indocyanine green angiography (ICG) was reported in 6 cases (30.0%). In 2 of these cases, the affected area was hypercyanescent, 7,12 with a rim of hypocyanescence in 1. 7 In another case, the affected area was isocyanescent with a rim of hypocyanescence and an immediately adjacent halo of hypercyanescence.…”