Acute and subchronic toxicity study of Tamra Bhasma (incinerated copper) prepared with and without Amritikarana

Abstract

BackgroundTamra Bhasma (TB) is one among herbo-metallic preparations extensively used in routine ayurvedic practice. In the present era, Bhasma preparations used in ayurvedic system of medicines are always under stern observations for containing heavy metals which may raise the question of safety aspect.ObjectiveIn the present study, TB prepared with and without Amritikarana was subjected to toxicity study to ascertain the role of Amritikarana on safety profile of TB in rats.Materials and methodsBoth the samples of TB were administered to rats for 28 consecutive days at the doses of 5.5, 27.5, and 55 mg/kg. The effects of both drugs were assessed on ponderal changes, hematological, serum biochemical, and histopathology of various organs.ResultsResults showed that both the samples of TB did not produce any sign and symptoms of toxicity at therapeutic dose level (5.5 mg/kg) and therapeutic equivalent dose (TED) × 5 (27.5 mg/kg) while at higher dose of TED × 10 (55 mg/kg) TB has mild toxicity in liver, kidney, heart, and thymus on repeated administration for 28 days in rats. The sample without Amritikarana has more magnitude of toxicity than the sample with Amritikarana.ConclusionFrom the present study, it is concluded that TB with Amritikarana was found to be relatively safer than TB without Amritikarana at different dose levels in rats and hence suggest for safely use in humans at therapeutic dose level. It proves the role of Amritikarana in the preparation of TB.

Tissue distribution of mercury and copper after Aarogyavardhini Vati treatment in rat model of CCl4 induced chronic hepatotoxicity

“…According to Chaudhari et al. [ 27 ], Tamra bhasma did not produce any toxicity when administered at a dose of 27.5 mg/kg body weight for 28 consecutive days in Wistar rats and attributed it to the specific process of Amritkarana used during the preparation. Therefore the probable reason for low tissue accumulation of copper could be the specific method of preparation of calcined copper and its further mixing with other animal and plant origin compounds [ 1 ].…”

Studi Gambaran Histopatologi Hepar Tikus Putih Strain Wistar yang Diinduksi Aspirin Pascapemberian Ekstrak Etanol Umbi Iles-iles (Amorphophallus variabilis Bl.) Selama 7 Hari

“…Hepar memiliki 3 zona, yaitu zona 1, zona yang terdekat dengan arteri hepatika dan vena porta, zona 2, yaitu zona intermediet, dan zona 3, zona yang berbatasan dengan vena sentralis. 13 Ketiga zona ini memiliki perbedaan di dalam aliran darah sinusoid, kandungan oksigen, dan aktivitas metabolik, serta enzim. 14 sel-sel perilobuler (zona 1) merupakan sel pertama yang menerima darah masuk ke hepar dengan kandungan oksigen yang banyak (sekitar 9-13% O 2 ), sedangkan sel-sel sentrolobuler, sel penebalan septa interalveolaris paru juga terjadi pada kelompok semua kelompok tikus putih strain Wistar yang diberi ekstrak.…”

Acute and Chronic Toxicity of Rasamanikya, an Ayurvedic Arsenical Formulation in Rats

“…Anticipating such untoward effects; seers of Ayurveda have explained meticulous handling procedures and administration modalities for all such metals and minerals including arsenicals [3] . Importance of following traditional pharmaceutical procedures in preparation of Ayurvedic formulations have been wellestablished [4,5] . Ayurveda emphasizes on administration of metallic formulations orally in specified quantities with great caution along with requisite anupana (vehicle) that is anticipated to play a key role in safety aspects of Rasaushadhies.…”