Acute and Subacute Toxicity Studies of Erodium guttatum Extracts by Oral Administration in Rodents

Abstract

The present study aimed to evaluate the acute and subacute toxicity profiles of Erodium guttatum extracts in mice using the methods described in the guidelines of the OECD. In the acute toxicity study, the LD50 value was greater than 2000 mg/kg. The subacute toxicity study of E. guttatum extracts showed no significant changes in body or organ weights. The administration of E. guttatum extracts to mice at a dose of 200 mg/kg led to an increase in white blood cells, platelets and hemoglobin. Moreover, the aqueous extract of E. guttatum only decreased liver aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) levels at a dose of 200 mg/kg, and creatinine and urea levels did not show any significant alterations compared to the control group. Our results showed that the extracts of E. guttatum caused a slight increase in alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) and triglycerides. The histological study showed that mice treated with E. guttatum extracts experienced some histopathological changes in the liver, particularly with the methanolic extract, and slight changes in the kidneys and pancreas. Regarding the renal profile, no toxicity was observed. These results provide basic information on the toxicological profile of E. guttatum used in traditional medicine.

Repeated 28-Day Oral Toxicological Study and Gastroprotective Effects of Nigella sativa L. Oil (Shuhada) against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Mucosal Injury in Rats

“…Moreover, there was a slight nonsignificant decrease in triglyceride and LDL levels, suggesting that BSO may reduce the production of LDL and triglycerides in the liver. The results of the hematological and biochemical analyses are supported by a previous histopathological study [ 12 ]. The results of the histopathological analysis of the heart, liver, kidney, lungs, spleen, and sex organs indicated no modifications in the tissue architecture of the organs after repeated 28-day oral administration of BSO, which supports our belief that BSO is safe and nontoxic.…”

“…The four main categories of toxicity research are acute, subacute, chronic, and sub-chronic. Subacute toxicity, often known as repeat-dose toxicity, is associated with adverse effects following the administration of multiple daily doses or continuous exposure of a test sample over a period of approximately 28 days [ 12 ].…”

Conocarpus lancifolius (Combretaceae): Pharmacological Effects, LC-ESI-MS/MS Profiling and In Silico Attributes

“…Both CLAE-administered groups examined a slightly insignificant ( p > 0.05) increase in the WBCs, lymphocytes and neutrophils after the subacute administration of the extract. These outcomes indicate that CLAE may contain phytochemicals that augment the immune response by boosting the number of WBCs [ 84 ]. RBC, Hb, hematocrit, MCV, MCH and MCHC levels did not alter significantly, suggesting that the extract does not contain toxic chemicals that can cause anemia or other problems.…”

Margaritaria nobilis L.f. (Phyllanthaceae) Ethanolic Extract: Low Acute Oral Toxicity and Antinociceptive Activity

“…However, research on the efficacy of natural products with therapeutic potential must be preceded by an investigation of the safety of their administration [ 15 ]. Secondary metabolites present in numerous genera are extremely important for their biological benefits, but their toxic capacity becomes a limiting factor for the use because of their risk [ 16 ].…”

“…The macroscopic and histological evaluation of these organs showed the absence of lesions when using the limit dose. These findings were reinforced by the absence of changes in biochemical markers, such as ALT, the most specific indicator of hepatocellular injury, AST, which can reveal lesions in the liver but also in other tissues, and urea and creatinine, markers of renal injury [ 15 ]. Similarly, the administration of the MnE limit dose did not promote hematological alterations.…”