ACUTE AND SUB-ACUTE TOXICITY STUDIES ON Combretum dolichopetalum ENGL. &amp; DIELS LEAVES

Emelike, Chinedum Uche; Anyaehie, Ugochukwu Bond; Iyare, Eghosa; Obike, Chiemeziem A.; Eleazu, Chinedum; Chukwu, Chukwuma

doi:10.26873/svr-899-2020

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The value of LD 50 can be known by calculating the number of animals that died within 24 hours (21) after multiples of doses in test animals, namely doses of 625, 1,250, 2,500, and 5,000 mg/kg body weight (22). Of the death rates, the highest number of deaths is in female mice, which is due to males and females, there is a difference in sensitivity to toxicity (23) and because of the different hormones between males and females. These differences will always be directly influenced by the endocrine system (24), which functions in producing hormones that communicate between cells (25).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ACUTE TOXICITY TEST OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF SUNGKAI LEAF (Peronema canescens Jack) IN WHITE MICE (Mus musculus)

Defirson¹,

Supriadi²,

Brata³

et al. 2022

IJPSM

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Sungkai (Peronema canescens) is a type of plant that can be used in traditional medicine in Jambi, Indonesia. The purpose of the study was to determine the value of LD50 from the results of the acute toxicity test of LD50 ethanol extract of Sungkai leaves (Peronema canescens) in male and female white mice (Mus musculus). This research method is experimental research in the laboratory used 50 mice comprising 25 males and 25 females which are divided into 5 groups, normal control (Na-CMC 1%), ethanol extract (625 mg/kg body weight), ethanol extract (1,250 mg/kg body weight), ethanol extract (2,500 mg/kg body weight) and ethanol extract (5,000 mg/kg body weight). The test preparation is administered orally through the gastric sonde and is administered only once in 24 hours. The Indonesian Pharmacopoeia Edition III method was used to calculate the value of LD50 in this study. The results of the acute toxicity test of LD50 Sungkai leaf ethanol extract are included in the safe category in the male animal group. In the group of female animals, an LD50 value of 6.50 mg/kg body weight was got. They include it in the category of very toxic and dangerous for the group of female animals. On the data on the ratio of organ weights in each research organ. Only in the male group, there was no noticeable difference (P>0.05) in each organ, but in the female group of animals, there were noticeable differences (p<0.05) in the heart, liver, lungs, kidneys, and stomach organs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ACUTE TOXICITY TEST OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF SUNGKAI LEAF (Peronema canescens Jack) IN WHITE MICE (Mus musculus)

Defirson¹,

Supriadi²,

Brata³

et al. 2022

IJPSM

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“…A substance with an LD 50 value of 1,000 mg/kg and above is reported to be safe for administration (Kalu et al , 2016; Emelike et al , 2020). Therefore, the LD 50 value of D. sarmentosa Sw. leaf as obtained in this study, might suggest the non-toxicity of this plant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical screening and evaluation of the anti-diarrhoea properties of Diodia sarmentosa leaves in castor oil-induced diarrhoea in albino rats

Anyanwu-Azuka

Aloh

Kalu

et al. 2021

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Purpose This study aims to report the phytochemical screening and anti-diarrhoea properties of methanol extract of Diodia sarmentosa Swartz (DSS) leave (at 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg) in albino rats. Design/methodology/approach Three types of diarrhoea models (castor oil-induced diarrhoea, castor oil-induced gastrointestinal motility and castor oil-induced enteropooling), as well as an assay for serum and faecal electrolyte concentrations, were used. Acute toxicity study and phytochemical screening of the extract were carried out using standard techniques. Findings The percentage inhibition of diarrhoea by DSS 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg was obtained as 25.7%, 55% and 84.6%, respectively, compared with loperamide that had 87.6% inhibition. DSS dose dependently modulated the number and frequency of defecation, the weight of the faeces of the diarrhoea rats, the distance that was travelled by charcoal meal, mean differences in the full lengths of the intestines and the distance travelled by charcoal meal, weight and volume of intestinal contents, serum and faecal concentrations of potassium, sodium, chloride, magnesium, bicarbonate, iron and zinc relative to the negative control and in a manner akin to loperamide (for the extract at 600 mg/kg). DSS or loperamide attenuated the loss of calcium in the faeces of the rats. DSS possesses anti-diarrhoea properties, which may be attributed to the phytochemicals in it. Finally, the study showed the safety in the usage of DSS. Originality/value DSS exerted its anti-diarrhoea action in castor oil-induced diarrhoea rats, by modulating their intestinal secretory and motile activity in a manner akin to loperamide (for DSS at 600 mg/kg).

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“…Sera were obtained from the clotted sample after centrifuging at 3000 rpm for 10 min and stored at -20°C until further use to analyze biochemical parameters. The rats were later sacrificed by cervical dislocation, and their hearts were harvested and weighed (Emelike et al, 2020).…”

Section: Samples Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The harvested organs (heart) were preserved in buffered 10% formalin saline solution for histopathological processing following the Emelike et al (2020), , Badi et al (2022) and Rahmati et al (2022) methods. Next, the heart weight/body weight ratio was calculated (Emelike et al, 2020).…”

Section: Histological Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histological Studies of the Heart and Biochemical Changes Due to the Perinatal Consumption of Hibiscus sabdariffa (Flavonoid-rich Extract) to Feed-restricted Rats on Offspring

et al. 2023

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Background: Experiments using animal models have indicated that maternal diet during the perinatal period can drastically impact the life-long susceptibility of offspring to chronic disease. Objectives: This study aims to determine the impact of perinatal consumption of Hibiscus sabdariffa to feed restriction on offspring heart development. Methods: In this study, we used 25 pregnant rats. They were grouped as follows: group 1 (normal control), group 2 (70% feed restriction), group 3 (70% feed restriction and 5mg/kg body weight of H. sabdariffa administration), group 4 (70% feed restriction, and 10mg/kg body weight of H. sabdariffa administration), and group 5 (70% feed restriction and 20mg/kg body weight of H. sabdariffa administration). Dams were only allowed to nurse 8 pups. Pups were weaned and observed daily for puberty onset. Blood samples were collected to determine serum levels of creatine kinase, hydrogen peroxide, and malondialdehyde. The hearts were excised, weighed, and prepared for histological examination. Results: The result showed a significant increase in absolute and relative weights of the heart with alterations in the histology of the heart. There was a significant change in serum levels of creatine kinase and malondialdehyde. Conclusion: Maternal consumption of H. sabdariffa during pregnancy and lactation may increase the development of cardiovascular diseases in offspring during postnatal growth.

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ACUTE AND SUB-ACUTE TOXICITY STUDIES ON Combretum dolichopetalum ENGL. & DIELS LEAVES

Cited by 8 publications

References 16 publications

ACUTE TOXICITY TEST OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF SUNGKAI LEAF (Peronema canescens Jack) IN WHITE MICE (Mus musculus)

ACUTE TOXICITY TEST OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF SUNGKAI LEAF (Peronema canescens Jack) IN WHITE MICE (Mus musculus)

Phytochemical screening and evaluation of the anti-diarrhoea properties of Diodia sarmentosa leaves in castor oil-induced diarrhoea in albino rats

Histological Studies of the Heart and Biochemical Changes Due to the Perinatal Consumption of Hibiscus sabdariffa (Flavonoid-rich Extract) to Feed-restricted Rats on Offspring

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