Acute and sub-acute oral toxicity studies of the aqueous extract from radix, radix with cortex and cortex of Psammosilene tunicoides in mice and rats

Yi-Chen,; Wu, Min-Xuan; Jie-Liu,; Ma, Xiao-Jie; Shi, Jingping; Wang, Shengnan; Zheng, Zhi-Quan; Guo, Jian-You

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2017.11.011

Cited by 27 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The significant increases of WBC (p < 0.05) in 500 and 1000 mg/kg groups were most likely induced by the body inflammation, which could be partly confirmed by the significant increases of LYM and MON. RBC and HGB levels were also significantly decreased at high doses of MHTA, and was in agreement with the previously reported damages in spleen [36]. In addition, PLT was significantly increased in the high dose group (500 and 1000 mg/kg) (p < 0.05), while GRA was slightly decreased, indicating that the reduction of granulocytes led to the suppression of immune function [33].…”

Section: Aggregationssupporting

confidence: 91%

Acute and Sub-Acute Toxicological Evaluations of Bioactive Alkaloidal Extract from Melodinus henryi and Their Main Chemical Constituents

Yang

Wang

Fan

et al. 2020

Nat. Prod. Bioprospect.

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Melodinus henryi is a good source of terpenoid indole alkaloids, and traditionally used as a folk medicine in the treatment of meningitis and fracture. In order to further exploit their potential uses, its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive activities, safety evaluations and chemical profiles have been illustrated. Compared to the crude methanol extract from M. henryi and its non-alkaloidal fraction, the total alkaloidal fraction (MHTA) had the strongest anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive activities. In the acute oral toxicity assay, the half lethal dose (LD 50) of MHTA was more than 2000 mg/kg. The sub-acute toxicity assay for consecutive 28 days exhibited MHTA at a lower concentrations of less than 500 mg/kg might be regarded as safe, and might damage spleen, liver, kidney, and heart when the dose is higher than 1000 mg/kg. In addition, a phytochemical investigation on MHTA led to the isolation of 15 monoterpenoid indole alkaloids. Thus, in regard with the potent side effects of MHTA, it should be used with caution in the development of phytomedicine. Meilian Yang and Yudan Wang have contributed equally to this work.

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Section: Aggregationssupporting

confidence: 91%

Acute and Sub-Acute Toxicological Evaluations of Bioactive Alkaloidal Extract from Melodinus henryi and Their Main Chemical Constituents

Yang

Wang

Fan

et al. 2020

Nat. Prod. Bioprospect.

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“…Aspartate transferase is not a convincing and highly specific marker for liver damage as it is also generated by other tissues like the muscles, heart, and brain (Adeyemi, Akindele, & Nwumeh, 2010). In addition, aspartate transferase is able to bind with an immunoglobulin that might cause serum aspartate transferase level and can be falsely linked with liver dysfunction (Yi-Chen et al, 2018). On the other hand, in female rats, a significant increase of alanine transaminase was recorded in AMAE 200 and 2000.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of acute and sub-acute oral toxicity of the aqueous extract of Aquilaria malaccensis leaves in Sprague Dawley rats

Razak

Rahman

Hamdan

et al. 2019

APJMBB

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Aquilaria malaccensis or commonly known as ‘gaharu’ is a species of Aquilaria genus and belongs to the Thymelaeaceae family. It is widely distributed in Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Borneo Islands. Traditionally, its leaves were used to relieve bruises and studies have shown that they function as an antioxidant, aphrodisiac, and tranquilizer. Despite its proven beneficial medicinal properties, information regarding its toxicity is limited. Therefore, we performed a safety evaluation on the aqueous A. malaccensis leaves extract (AMAE) in Sprague Dawley rats. The assessment of acute toxicity based on the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Guideline 420 revealed that AMAE did not influence mortality, clinical appearance, body weight gain, or necropsy findings at a dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight. In the sub-acute toxicity, all doses did not significantly modify the body weight and food and water intake. In male rats treated with 2000 mg/kg, there was a significant reduction in the relative weight of liver. Not only that, an increase in alkaline phosphatase and alanine transaminase was also observed in different groups among the female rats. A significant decrease in the creatinine level was also seen among male rats administered with different doses of AMAE. In both sexes, histopathological analysis had shown abnormalities in the liver and kidney of rats treated at the dose of 2000 mg/kg. In conclusion, the 50% lethal dose (LD50) of AMAE was estimated to be greater than 2000 mg/kg. In sub-acute duration, the findings suggested that AMAE administered orally is slightly toxic at higher doses (2000 mg/kg) and could provoke functional and structural changes in the kidney and liver of rats. Thus, the extract should be used with caution.

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“…However, no histopathological lesion was inconsistent with the conclusion. In addition, serum biochemical parameters such as transaminases AST or ALT and the indirect indicators such as TP, ALB, ALP or TCHO levels are usually the key indicators to assess the possibility of liver toxicity 29,30 . In this study, significant alterations in serum levels of ALP, TP, ALB and TCHO were observed in 8 g kg −1 or 16 g kg −1 groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

The anti‐tussive, anti‐inflammatory effects and sub‐chronic toxicological evaluation of perilla seed oil

Zhang

Tian

Guan³

et al. 2020

J Sci Food Agric

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BACKGROUND Perilla seed oil (PSO) is the main constituent of perilla seeds currently being used in the food industry, however it also has great clinical potential in the regulation of lung function as a nutrition supplement because of the high content of α‐linolenic acid (ALA). In this study, the pharmacological activities including anti‐tussive, expectorant and anti‐inflammatory effect of PSO were performed. Furthermore, the 90‐day sub‐chronic oral toxicity with a 30 day recovery period was evaluated in Wistar rats. RESULTS The pharmacological studies demonstrated that PSO inhibited cough frequency induced by capsaicine in mice. PSO also inhibited the leukotriene B4 (LTB4) release from the calcium ionophore A23187‐induced polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) to some extent. In this sub‐chronic toxicity study, mortality, clinical signs, body weight, food consumption, hematology, serum biochemistry, urinalysis, organ weight, necropsy, and histopathology were used to evaluate the toxicity of PSO. Lower body weight and various negative impacts on liver related parameters without histopathological lesion were observed in the 16 g kg−1 groups. No clinically significant changes were discovered in the 4 g kg−1 group during the test period. CONCLUSION In summary, PSO exhibited anti‐tussive and anti‐inflammatory activities in vivo and in vitro. These sub‐chronic toxicity studies inferred that the ‘no‐observed adverse effect level’ (NOAEL) of PSO in Wistar rats was determined to be 4 g kg−1. These results may provide a safety profile and a valuable reference for the use of PSO. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry

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Acute and sub-acute oral toxicity studies of the aqueous extract from radix, radix with cortex and cortex of Psammosilene tunicoides in mice and rats

Cited by 27 publications

References 30 publications

Acute and Sub-Acute Toxicological Evaluations of Bioactive Alkaloidal Extract from Melodinus henryi and Their Main Chemical Constituents

Acute and Sub-Acute Toxicological Evaluations of Bioactive Alkaloidal Extract from Melodinus henryi and Their Main Chemical Constituents

Evaluation of acute and sub-acute oral toxicity of the aqueous extract of Aquilaria malaccensis leaves in Sprague Dawley rats

The anti‐tussive, anti‐inflammatory effects and sub‐chronic toxicological evaluation of perilla seed oil

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