Acute and repeated intravenous cocaine-induced locomotor activity is altered as a function of sex and gonadectomy

Harrod, Steven B.; Booze, Rosemarie M.; Welch, M.A.; Browning, Catherine E.; Mactutus, Charles F.

doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2005.08.005

Cited by 31 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Thus, the finding that female rats have higher PKA protein levels basally in the NAc than male rats is consistent with the hypothesis that the dopamine PKA signaling pathway is amplified in reward-associated areas of the female brain. After acute cocaine administration, females have a greater behavioral response to cocaine than male rats, and they learn cocaine self-administration faster than males do during the initial exposure to cocaine (Campbell et al 2002;Festa et al 2003Festa et al , 2004Harrod et al 2005;Hu et al 2003;Jackson et al 2006;Lynch and Carroll 1999). Indeed, consistent with previous reports (Chin et al 2002;Festa et al 2004;Walker et al 2001), the present findings also demonstrated that female rats exhibit a longer lasting ambulatory and rearing response to cocaine than male rats.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…cocaine injections for 13 consecutive days. Thus, our observations of a lack of locomotor sensitization to cocaine in female rats are consistent with those from Harrod et al (2005). However, in male rats, a greater and more extended cocaine exposure may be required to develop produce behavioral tolerance; behavioral tolerance has been achieved only by continuous high-dose cocaine exposure for 7 or 14 days using osmotic minipumps (Ellinwood et al 2000;Inada et al 1992;Izenwasser et al 1999;Kalivas et al 1988;King et al 1992;Kunko et al 1998;Reith et al 1987).…”

Section: Males Femalessupporting

confidence: 80%

“…In this study, we used a more intense manner of cocaine administrationtwice a day, 30 mg/kg injections for 14 days. Harrod et al (2005) demonstrated behavioral sensitization to orofacila behaviors, but not in locomotor activity in female rats using i.v. cocaine injections for 13 consecutive days.…”

Section: Males Femalesmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Sex differences in basal and cocaine-induced alterations in PKA and CREB proteins in the nucleus accumbens

et al. 2008

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Males Femalessupporting

confidence: 80%

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Sex differences in basal and cocaine-induced alterations in PKA and CREB proteins in the nucleus accumbens

et al. 2008

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“…Specifically, XX mice acquired a food-reinforced habit faster than XY mice, independent of gonadal hormone status. In another study, female mice show greater locomotor sensitization to cocaine compared to males [98], replicating the previous literature [52,127]. Critically, this effect depended upon the gonadal hormone status rather than sex chromosome complement [98].…”

Section: Possible Chromosomal Mechanisms Underlying Sex Differences Isupporting

confidence: 74%

Sex differences in drug abuse

Becker

2008

Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology

857

688

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Sex differences are present for all of the phases of drug abuse (initiation, escalation of use, addiction, and relapse following abstinence). While there are some differences among specific classes of abused drugs, the general pattern of sex differences is the same for all drugs of abuse. Females begin regularly self-administering licit and illicit drugs of abuse at lower doses than do males, use escalates more rapidly to addiction, and females are at greater risk for relapse following abstinence. In this review, sex differences in drug abuse are discussed for humans and in animal models. The possible neuroendocrine mechanisms mediating these sex differences are discussed.

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“…Previous investigations of cocaine effects on locomotor activity with rodents have typically utilized a trial length of 60 min or less [20,21,22]. Figure 3 represents the mean photobeam breaks for the first 60 min of the 150 min trial for groups that received saline, or 5, 10, or 20 mg/kg cocaine.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cocaine sensitization in male quail: Temporal, conditioning, and dose-dependent characteristics

Geary

Akins

2007

Physiology & Behavior

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Chronic cocaine administration typically results in increased locomotor activity, known as behavioral sensitization. Investigating the time course of locomotor activity across trials may provide a more detailed analysis of the temporal changes that might occur within sensitization. Prior research with rodents shows that the peak of locomotor activity shifts from acute to chronic drug administration. The purpose of the current experiment was to investigate acute versus chronic cocaine effects on locomotor activity in an avian species, Japanese quail, and to investigate whether this phenomenon is dose dependent. Subjects received daily ip injections of saline or 5, 10, or 20 mg/kg cocaine for 20 days. Following each injection, birds were placed in standard locomotor activity chambers, and activity was recorded for 150 min. A cocaine challenge was given after a ten-day withdrawal period. Two retraining trials were given to reestablish cocaine responding prior to a saline challenge in the drug-paired environment. Results showed that repeated administration of the 10 mg/kg dose of cocaine enhanced activity across 120 min compared with acute administration. In contrast, repeated administration of the 20 mg/kg dose resulted in greater cocaine-induced activity for 60 min compared with acute administration. In addition, behavioral sensitization was shown to be dose-dependent and appeared to be due, at least in part, to conditioning.

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Acute and repeated intravenous cocaine-induced locomotor activity is altered as a function of sex and gonadectomy

Cited by 31 publications

References 40 publications

Sex differences in basal and cocaine-induced alterations in PKA and CREB proteins in the nucleus accumbens

Sex differences in basal and cocaine-induced alterations in PKA and CREB proteins in the nucleus accumbens

Sex differences in drug abuse

Cocaine sensitization in male quail: Temporal, conditioning, and dose-dependent characteristics

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