Acute and chronic urine retention among adults at the urology section of the Accident and Emergency Unit of Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana

Abstract

Introduction: The causes and management of acute urine retention (AUR) and chronic urine retention (CUR) are different and varied in both gender and age. Urine retention has been well studied among males worldwide, while data on urine retention among women are sparse. This study aimed at determining the causes and management of AUR and CUR among adults at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH), Kumasi, Ghana. Subjects and methods: A prospective study was conducted during 8 months period. The study was carried out at the Urology and Accident and Emergency Units of KATH. A complete work-up to establish the cause of urine retention preceded data collection. The subject's demographic data, causes and management of urine retention with outcomes were recorded on data sheet. Data was analyzed using Stata version 12.0. Results: Two hundred and six subjects were enrolled in the study. There were 198 men and 8 women with mean ages of 62.8 ± 16.8 and 55.4 ± 18.4 years respectively. The prevalence of AUR and CUR in the population were 172 (83.5%) and 34 (16.5%) respectively. Among the males 169 (85.4%) presented with AUR while 29 (14.6%) presented with CUR. The causes of AUR or CUR in men were: benign prostatic enlargement (BPE) 115 (58.1%), urethral stricture 29 (14.7%), carcinoma of the prostate 26 (13.1%), traumatic urethral injury 26 (13.1%) and others 1%. AUR was found in 3 (37.5%) and CUR in 5 (62.5%) of the women studied. Two women each had bladder carcinoma and neurogenic bladder respectively. No. of Pages 8 2 E.M.T. Yenli et al.One each of utero-vaginal prolapse, bladder stones, urethral tumour and urethral trauma respectively were also found. Urinary tract infection occurred in 20 (9.7%) and renal insufficiency in 32 (16.5.0%) of respondents. The mean volume of urine drained on catheterization was 800.0 ± 161.7 ml. The immediate treatment was by urethral catheterization in 146 (70.9%) and suprapubic cystostomy in 60 (29.1%). The definitive treatment for the underlying causes of urine retention was varied.Conclusions: Acute and chronic urine retention is not uncommon, but credible baseline data on this condition is nonexistent at KATH, Kumasi. Urine retention found among the participants was mainly AUR. Men were the most affected with benign prostatic enlargement, being the leading cause. Among women, acute or chronic urine retention was caused mainly by bladder cancer and neurogenic bladder. Initial and definitive management were varied between causes, gender and age.

Genitourinary Emergencies at University Hospital in Cotonou: About 437 Patients

“…This rate is similar those of other studies [1,7,9,10]. Etiologies of acute renal colic were stones in 80% of cases.…”

“…Our rate of no-traumatic hematuria emergency is similar those of other studies [1,5,7,11]. Etiologies of hematuria in this study were BPH, prostate cancer and bladder cancer respectively in 50%, 21.42% and 17.86% of cases.…”

“…This result is higher to those of 24% who were found by Martin et al [4]. But it lower to those of Diallo et al [5] in Guinea, Fall et al [1] in Senegal, Tfeil, et al [6] in Mauritania and Yenli et al [7] in Ghana who were found respectively 73.9%, 53%, 53% and 83.5% of cases. Hematuria is a symptom of prostate tumors.…”

Catheter-Associated Bacteria Urinary Tract Infection and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern in a Tertiary Hospital, in Ghana

“…They may have diagnostic or therapeutic uses [2]. Globally, about two-thirds of urinary tract catheterization among adults is for therapeutic reasons in order to relief bladder outlet obstruction due to benign prostatic obstruction [3] [4] [5] [6]. The risk of bacterial Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) is dependent on the patient's susceptibility, the quality of catheter and how long catheter has been in place [7] [8].…”

Clinical study and management of bladder outlet obstruction

“…12 Early stages of carcinoma prostate is treated with radical prostatectomy. In cases of late stage carcinoma prostate (Stage III & IV), maximum androgen blockade achieved by orchidectomy using scrotal incision and postoperative anti androgen.…”