Acute and chronic convection-enhanced muscimol delivery into the rat subthalamic nucleus induces antiseizure effects associated with high responder rates

Miniaturized neural implants for localized and controllable drug delivery in the brain

“…For instance, muscimol, a γ-aminobutyric acid agonist that can reduce neuronal firing, was administrated in rat or nonhuman primates for the treatment of epilepsy. 31,32,105,108,109 Diazepam, an intravenous medication commonly used for acute repetitive seizures, 110 was also tested with a wireless drug delivery device. 35 Owing to the merits of localized drug delivery with precise control, these devices also offer a versatile platform for delivering photo-thermal or photo-dynamics therapy nanodrugs 111,112 or photo-sensitive compounds 113 for brain disease treatment.…”