Acute and chronic changes in renal function following unilateral nephrectomy

Shirley, David G.; Walter, S. J.

doi:10.1038/ki.1991.180

Cited by 71 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…3 Because effectively, only 1 kidney is transplanted to bilaterally nephrectomized recipients in these experiments, a group of treated and CON animals were unilaterally nephrectomized (no transplantation) to control for the impact of a solitary kidney or the effect of compensatory renal growth (CRG) on the long-term level of arterial pressure. 3,16 As in our previous study, 35 no differences in left kidney mass were found between the groups after uninephrectomy, confirming that previous ACE inhibitor treatment does not alter the CRG response. Using the radiotelemetric blood pressure assessment, we also confirmed that uninephrectomy, with the associated CRG, has no effect on the level of arterial pressure in CON or previously treated SHRs.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Persistent Lowering of Pressure by Transplanting Kidneys From Adult Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats Treated With Brief Antihypertensive Therapy

et al. 2004

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Abstract-Kidney function is critical in determining the level of arterial pressure and in the pathogenesis of hypertension.Important evidence comes from studies in which the level of blood pressure is dictated by the donor when kidneys are transplanted between genetically hypertensive and normotensive rats. We have hypothesized that pharmacotherapy modifies specific properties of the kidney, particularly the vasculature, such that after kidney transplantation, there are persistent changes in the level of arterial pressure. Consistent with previous studies, a 2-week aggressive treatment of adult (15 weeks) spontaneously hypertensive rats with an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (enalapril) combined with a low-salt diet induced a persistent change in the kidney and a decrease in arterial pressure (18%). These persistent changes in arterial pressure could be completely transferred to untreated adult spontaneously hypertensive rats by kidney transplantation (ie, pressure in untreated rats was decreased after transplantation of a kidney donated from a previously treated rat). Further, the importance of kidney-specific changes was demonstrated by finding that the treatment-induced lowering of arterial pressure was completely reversed by transferring an untreated kidney into a previously treated rat.The specific treatment-induced changes to the kidney included a decrease in structurally based renal vascular resistance that was similar to the persistent lowering of arterial pressure. These data provide evidence for a link between the treatment-induced changes in kidney vascular structure and the persistent lowering of arterial pressure. The findings also suggest that a key pharmacotherapeutic target in hypertension should be kidney-specific changes, such as renal vascular structure.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Persistent Lowering of Pressure by Transplanting Kidneys From Adult Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats Treated With Brief Antihypertensive Therapy

et al. 2004

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“…37,38 It remains possible that the low nephron number might itself predispose to the development of hyperuricemia as a consequence of an increase in proximal tubular reabsorption, which might stimulate UA reabsorption. 39 Finally, elevation of UA in the child could occur from genetic or environmental mechanisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Low Birth Weight in 8- to 13-Year-Old Children

et al. 2006

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Abstract-Low birth weight has been associated with an increased incidence of adult cardiovascular disease. Endothelial dysfunction and high levels of serum uric acid are associated with hypertension. In this study, we have determined whether uric acid is related to blood pressure and vascular function in children with low birth weight. We evaluated vascular function using high-resolution ultrasound, blood pressure, and uric acid levels in 78 children (35 girls, 43 boys, aged 8 to 13 years). Increasing levels of uric acid and systolic blood pressure were observed in children with low birth weight. Birth weight was inversely associated with both systolic blood pressure and uric acid; on the other hand, uric acid levels were directly correlated with systolic blood pressure in children of the entire cohort. Low birth weight was associated with reduced flow-mediated dilation (rϭ0.427, PϽ0.001). Because the children with low birth weight had elevated uric acid as well as higher systolic blood pressure levels, we evaluated the correlation between these variables. In the low birth weight group, multiple regression analysis revealed that uric acid (␤ϭϪ2.886; SEϭ1.393; Pϭ0.040) had a graded inverse relationship with flow-mediated dilation, which was not affected in a model adjusting for race and gender. We conclude that children with a history of low birth weight show impaired endothelial function and increased blood pressure and uric acid levels. These findings may be early expressions of vascular compromise, contributing to susceptibility to disease in adult life. (Hypertension. 2006;48:45-50.)

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“…Several factors, such as sodium delivery to the CCD (45,46) and mineralocorticoid (47), could be responsible for the adaptive increase in Na+ and K+ transports in the CCDs from the contralateral kidney. In addition, growth factors ( 17) may also be involved in the mechanisms of the adaptation after loss of functional nephron.…”

Section: Control Uuook Uuocmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical properties of the rabbit cortical collecting duct from obstructed and contralateral kidneys after unilateral ureteral obstruction.

Muto

Miyata²,

Asano³

1993

J. Clin. Invest.

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IntroductionElectrophysiological techniques were used to determine the electrical properties of the collecting duct (CD) cell in the isolated cortical collecting duct from obstructed (UUOOK) and contralateral (UUOcK) kidneys in rabbits 24 h after unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO); results were compared with those from sham-operated kidneys. The lumen-negative transepitheHal voltage and the basolateral membrane voltage (V B) were decreased in the UUOOK, and increased in the UUOCK. The transepithelial conductance (GT) was decreased in parallel with an increase in the fractional apical membrane resistance (fRA) and a decrease in apical membrane conductance in the UUOOK. By contrast, the GT was increased in parallel with increases in apical and basolateral membrane conductances in the UUOCK. The amiloride-sensitive changes in apical membrane voltage (V A), GT and f RA were lower in the UUOOK, but greater in the UUOCK. The changes in V A and GT upon raising the perfusate K+ concentration and upon addition of luminal Ba2" were decreased in the UUOOK, and increased in the UUOCK. Addition of ouabain to the bath resulted in a smaller depolarization ofV B in the UUOOK, but in a greater depolarization in the UUOCK. Upon lowering bath Cl-, the change in basolateral membrane electromotive force (AEMF) was increased in the UUOOK, and decreased in the UUOCK. Reversely, upon raising bath K+, the AEMF was decreased in the UUOOK, and increased in the UUOCK. We conclude: (a) the conductances of Na+ and K+ in the apical membrane, and active Na+-K+ pump activity and relative K+ conductance in the basolateral membrane are decreased in the UUOOK, and increased in the UUOCK; (b) the relative basolateral membrane CI-conductance was increased in the UUOOK, and decreased in the UUOCK. Unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)' causes a number of alterations in renal function ofboth obstructed and untouched contralateral kidneys ( 1, 2). Abnormalities in Na+ and water conservation and in H+ and K+ excretion (3-9) are known to occur in the distal nephron segments, including the cortical collecting duct (CCD), from the obstructed kidney after UUO. However, the mechanisms underlying these disorders have not been fully evaluated. Only a few studies have assessed some of them at a segmental level. The in vitro microperfusion studies of the rabbit CCD have demonstrated that ureteral obstruction led to decreases in the lumen-negative transepithelial voltage (6, 8) as well as in Na+ reabsorption (6). These changes also included decreases in Na+-K+-ATPase activity (9) and in Na+-K+ pump in situ turnover (4) in the CCD from the obstructed rat kidney after UUO. These observations have suggested that the collecting duct (CD) cell would be functionally impaired after ureteral obstruction, because the CD cell is mainly responsible for Na+ and K+ transports in the CCD (10-15). However, the cellular mechanisms of the defects in Na+ and K+ transports in the CCD from obstructed kidneys remain unknown.In addition, there is little information regardi...

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Acute and chronic changes in renal function following unilateral nephrectomy

Cited by 71 publications

References 23 publications

Persistent Lowering of Pressure by Transplanting Kidneys From Adult Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats Treated With Brief Antihypertensive Therapy

Persistent Lowering of Pressure by Transplanting Kidneys From Adult Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats Treated With Brief Antihypertensive Therapy

Effects of Low Birth Weight in 8- to 13-Year-Old Children

Electrical properties of the rabbit cortical collecting duct from obstructed and contralateral kidneys after unilateral ureteral obstruction.

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