Acute and Chronic Antihypertensive Effect of Fractions, Tiliroside and Scopoletin from <i>Malva parviflora</i>

Abstract

Hypertension is a disease of high prevalence and morbidity where vascular inflammation and associated oxidative stress (endothelial dysfunction) is the underlying cause of this pathology. We are reporting the antihypertensive activity of extracts and fractions of Malva parviflora in mice with chronic and acute hypertension. Also, the treatments of this plant were able to counteract the kidney inflammation and associated oxidative stress. The chronic hypertension model consisted of administration of angiotensin II (AGII) during 12 weeks, causing a sustained increase in systolic (SBP) or diastolic (DBP) pressure, with values of pharmacological constants of: ED 50 0.038 mg/kg y E max 135 mmHg for SBP and ED 50 0.046 mg/kg y E max 98 mmHg for DBP. The chronic hypertension caused the inflammation and lipid peroxidation in kidneys, measured by of tissue level of cytokines such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α), IL-10 and malondialdehyde, and treatments for M. parviflora were able to modulate these parameters. The chemical fractionation allowed to identify three compounds: oleanolic acid, tiliroside and scopoletin, which were tested in a model of acute hypertension. The pharmacodynamic parameters for SBP were ED 50 0.01 and 0.12 mg/kg while E max 33.22 and 37.74 mmHg for scopoletin and tiliroside, respectively; whereas that for DBP data were ED 50 0.01 and 0.02 mg/kg; with an E max 7.00 and 6.24 mmHg, in the same order. M. parviflora, is able to counteract the effect of chronic and acute administration of AGII, on hypertension, but also the inflammatory and oxidative damage in the kidney. The oleanolic acid, scopoletin and tiliroside are the compounds responsible for such activities.

Malva species: Insights on its chemical composition towards pharmacological applications

“…As well, isolated compounds viz. oleanolic acid, tiliroside, and scopoletin showed ED 50 = 0.01 and 0.12 mg/kg and Emax = 33.22 and 37.74 mmHg for scopoletin and tiliroside, respectively, for systolic pressure, whereas that for diastolic pressure data were ED 50 = 0.01 and 0.02 mg/kg, with an Emax = 7.00 and 6.24 mmHg, suggesting that they are responsible for the antihypertensive activity (Lagunas‐Herrera et al, ).…”

Preclinical Evaluation of the Antihypertensive Effect of an Aqueous Extract of Anogeissus leiocarpa (DC) Guill et Perr. Bark of Trunk in L-NAME-Induced Hypertensive Rat

“…Numerous studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of medicinal plant extracts or their fractions for the treatment of devastating metabolic diseases such as hypertension. 22–26 The organs often affected by the hypertensive pathology include the heart, vessels, kidneys, eyes and brain. 27–29 …”

“…Numerous studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of medicinal plant extracts or their fractions for the treatment of devastating metabolic diseases such as hypertension. [22][23][24][25][26] The organs often affected by the hypertensive pathology include the heart, vessels, kidneys, eyes and brain. [27][28][29] Specifically, the endothelium is recognized as a monolayer of cells playing a major role in vascular physiology and pathophysiology.…”

Artemisia scoparia and Metabolic Health: Untapped Potential of an Ancient Remedy for Modern Use

“…While effects described above are likely to improve cardiovascular health in the context of metabolic syndrome, scopoletin also acts directly on the heart and vasculature. Scopoletin has antihypertensive actions (126,(191)(192)(193), anti-atherosclerotic capabilities (132,(194)(195)(196), and vascular spasmolytic/vasodilatory effects (191,193,(197)(198)(199).…”