Acute Administration of Exogenous Lactate Increases Carbohydrate Metabolism during Exercise in Mice

Jang, Inkwon; Kim, Jisu; Kyun, Sunghwan; Hwang, Deunsol; Lim, Kiwon

doi:10.3390/metabo11080553

Cited by 8 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Prior to the experiment, the blood lactate concentration of mice (n = 6) after oral lactate administration was measured from the blood obtained from the tail using Lactate Pro2 (Arkray Inc., Kyoto, Japan). Lactate (sodium lactate, 195-05965, Wako Chemical, Osaka, Japan) was orally administered at 3 g/kg [27,29]. Blood lactate levels signi cantly increased from 3.03 ± 0.31 mmol/L to 8.22 ± 2.38 mmol/L after 15 min of lactate administration and returned to basal levels (approximately 3.67 ± 1.17 mmol/L) after 3 hours (Table 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These ndings suggest that long-term lactate administration induces skeletal muscle synthesis and that lactate administration with exercise training can have additional effects on skeletal muscle synthesis by increasing blood lactate [29]. Nevertheless, only a few studies have investigated the effects of long-term lactate treatment and oral administration, and previous studies have not directly investigated the effect of lactate administration with exercise training on skeletal muscle synthesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lactate administration induces skeletal muscle synthesis by influencing Akt/mTOR and MuRF1 in non-trained mice but not in trained mice

Kyun

Kim

Hwang

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: The perception regarding lactate has changed over the past decades, with some of its physiological roles having been revealed. However, the effects of exogenous lactate on skeletal muscle synthesis remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to confirm the effects of long-term and post-exercise lactate administration on skeletal muscle synthesis. Methods: 32 ICR mice were randomly assigned to non-trained + placebo (Non/Pla), non-trained + lactate (Non/Lac), tranied + placebo (Tr/Pla), or trained + lactate (Tr/Lac) groups. Lactate (3 g/kg) or same volume of saline was immediately administered after exercise training (70% VO2max). Lactate administration and/or exercise training was performed 5 days/week for 5 weeks. Results: After the experimental period, lactate administration tended to increase skeletal muscle weight and significantly enhanced the gastrocnemius muscle weight. Furthermore, lactate administration increased the mRNA levels of Akt (p = 0.000) and mTOR (p = 0.009), decreased protein expression of MuRF1 (p = 0.001), and reduced blood IGF1 levels (p = 0.039). However, lactate administration after exercise training had no additional effects on almost factors. Conclusions: These results suggest that long-term lactate administration have a potential to stimulate skeletal muscle synthesis, but lactate administration after exercise training may not be extra beneficial for increasing skeletal muscle because of the lactate administration timing.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactate administration induces skeletal muscle synthesis by influencing Akt/mTOR and MuRF1 in non-trained mice but not in trained mice

Kyun

Kim

Hwang

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…An acrylic tube was connected to each chamber to control the air volume. Based on the measured oxygen uptake (VO 2 ), carbon dioxide production (VCO 2 ), and respiratory exchange rate (RER), carbohydrate oxidation (CO), fat oxidation (FO), and energy expenditure (EE) were calculated [22].…”

Section: Metabolic Analysis At Rest and During Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, lactate induces the expression of TGF-β2, causing metabolic improvement, but metabolic changes were not confirmed after direct treatment with exogenous lactate [20]. Our previous study also investigated changes in skeletal muscle metabolism through the acute administration of exogenous lactate at rest and before exercise, but did not confirm the effect of chronic lactate administration on metabolic changes [21,22].…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Additionally, exogenous lactate treatment increased TGF-β2 expression in adipocytes in cells and animals, which improved glucose metabolism and increased fatty acid oxidation, but this effect was not observed when lactate production was inhibited [20]. Moreover, our previous study reported that acute exogenous lactate administration at rest increased the expression of factors related to glycogen synthesis and fat oxidation in skeletal muscles, and its administration before exercise increased carbohydrate utilization during exercise [21,22].…”

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confidence: 94%

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Chronic Administration of Exogenous Lactate Increases Energy Expenditure during Exercise through Activation of Skeletal Muscle Energy Utilization Capacity in Mice

Jang,

Kyun,

Hwang

et al. 2024

Metabolites

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We compared the effects of chronic exogenous lactate and exercise training, which influence energy substrate utilization and body composition improvements at rest and during exercise, and investigated the availability of lactate as a metabolic regulator. The mice were divided into four groups: CON (sedentary + saline), LAC (sedentary + lactate), EXE (exercise + saline), and EXLA (exercise + lactate). The total experimental period was set at 4 weeks, the training intensity was set at 60–70% VO2max, and each exercise group was administered a solution immediately after exercise. Changes in the energy substrate utilization at rest and during exercise, the protein levels related to energy substrate utilization in skeletal muscles, and the body composition were measured. Lactate intake and exercise increased carbohydrate oxidation as a substrate during exercise, leading to an increased energy expenditure and increased protein levels of citrate synthase and malate dehydrogenase 2, key factors in the TCA(tricarboxylic acid) cycle of skeletal muscle. Exercise, but not lactate intake, induced the upregulation of the skeletal muscle glucose transport factor 4 and a reduction in body fat. Hence, chronic lactate administration, as a metabolic regulator, influenced energy substrate utilization by the skeletal muscle and increased energy expenditure during exercise through the activation of carbohydrate metabolism-related factors. Therefore, exogenous lactate holds potential as a metabolic regulator.

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Exogenous lactate augments exercise-induced improvement in memory but not in hippocampal neurogenesis

Hwang

Kim

Kyun

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN), the lifelong process of formation of new neurons in the mammalian brain, plays an important role in learning and memory. Exercise is an effective enhancer of AHN; however, the molecular mediators of exercise-induced AHN are unknown. Recently, lactate was considered as an important mediator of exercise-induced AHN. Therefore, we hypothesized that exercise with lactate intake could augment exercise-induced AHN. This study was conducted for 5 weeks with 7-week-old ICR male mice that performed mild-intensity exercise (just below lactate threshold, 55–60%VO2max) with or without oral administration of lactate 5 days/week. Cell proliferation, neuronal differentiation, neurogenesis-relevant factors, reference and retention memory, and spatial working memory were evaluated at the end of the experiment. The results showed that AHN was enhanced by lactate intake, but exercise-induced AHN was not augmented by exercise with lactate intake. Nevertheless, exercise-induced improvement in reference and retention memory was augmented by exercise with lactate intake. And spatial working memory was promoted by the co-treatment, also protein expression of hippocampal FNDC5, BDNF, PGC1α, and MCT2 were elevated by the co-treatment. Therefore, our findings suggest that lactate has a potential to be developed as a novel supplement that improves the positive effects of exercise on the hippocampus and its cognitive function.

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Acute Administration of Exogenous Lactate Increases Carbohydrate Metabolism during Exercise in Mice

Cited by 8 publications

References 43 publications

Lactate administration induces skeletal muscle synthesis by influencing Akt/mTOR and MuRF1 in non-trained mice but not in trained mice

Lactate administration induces skeletal muscle synthesis by influencing Akt/mTOR and MuRF1 in non-trained mice but not in trained mice

Chronic Administration of Exogenous Lactate Increases Energy Expenditure during Exercise through Activation of Skeletal Muscle Energy Utilization Capacity in Mice

Exogenous lactate augments exercise-induced improvement in memory but not in hippocampal neurogenesis

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