Abstract:Introduction
Smell disorders are common in the general population and occur e.g., after infections, trauma or idiopathically Treatment strategies for smell loss range from surgery, medication to olfactory training, depending on the pathology, but they are limited This study examined the effect of acupuncture on olfactory function.
Methods
Sixty patients with smell loss following infections of the upper respiratory tract were included in this investigation … Show more
“…A canine model study has shown the left olfactory peduncle activation after postanesthesia acupuncture at BL60 (Kunlun) (13). Acupuncture at Li4 (Hegu) and Li20 (Yingxiang), as well as other acupoints, showed to improve olfactory sensitivity in healthy subjects (53) and postinfectious smell loss patients (54). Although olfactory dysfunction is one of the initial symptoms that appear years before motor symptoms and cognitive decline in several neurodegenerative diseases (55,56), studies have tested the activation effects of acupuncture at ST36 to the left olfactory cortex on Alzheimer's animal models (57,58), and clinical evidence on ST36 acupuncture effects in the olfactory cortex is still lacking.…”
PurposeStomach 36 (ST36, zusanli) is one of the important acupoints in acupuncture. Despite clinical functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of ST36 acupuncture, the brain activities and the neural mechanism following acupuncture at ST36 remain unclear.MethodsLiterature searches were conducted on online databases, including MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang database, WeiPu database, and China Biology Medicine, for task-based fMRI studies of acupuncture at ST36 in healthy subjects. Brain regions activated by ST36 acupuncture were systematically evaluated and subjected to seed-based d mapping meta-analysis. Subgroup analysis was conducted on control procedures, manual acupuncture, electrical acupuncture (EA), and acupuncture-specific activations. Meta-regression analysis was performed to explore the effects of needle retention time on brain activities following ST36 acupuncture stimulation. The activated brain regions were further decoded and mapped on large-scale functional networks to further decipher the clinical relevance of acupuncturing at ST36.ResultsA total of sixteen studies, involving a total of 401 right-handed healthy participants, that satisfied the inclusion criteria were included in the present meta-analysis. Meta-analysis showed that acupuncturing on ST36 positively activates the opercular part of the right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG.R), left superior temporal gyrus (STG.L), and right median cingulate/paracingulate gyri (MCG.R) regions. Needle retention time in an acupuncture session positively correlates with the activation of the left olfactory cortex, as shown in meta-regression analysis. Subgroup analysis revealed that EA stimulation may be a source of heterogeneity in the pooled results. Functional network mappings showed that the activated areas were mapped to the auditory network and salience network. Further functional decoding analysis showed that acupuncture on ST36 was associated with pain, secondary somatosensory, sound and language processing, and mood regulation.ConclusionAcupuncture at ST36 in healthy individuals positively activates the opercular part of IFG.R, STG.L, and MCG.R. The left olfactory cortex may exhibit positive needle retention time-dependent activities. Our findings may have clinical implications for acupuncture in analgesia, language processing, and mood disorders.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://inplasy.com/inplasy-2021-12-0035.
“…A canine model study has shown the left olfactory peduncle activation after postanesthesia acupuncture at BL60 (Kunlun) (13). Acupuncture at Li4 (Hegu) and Li20 (Yingxiang), as well as other acupoints, showed to improve olfactory sensitivity in healthy subjects (53) and postinfectious smell loss patients (54). Although olfactory dysfunction is one of the initial symptoms that appear years before motor symptoms and cognitive decline in several neurodegenerative diseases (55,56), studies have tested the activation effects of acupuncture at ST36 to the left olfactory cortex on Alzheimer's animal models (57,58), and clinical evidence on ST36 acupuncture effects in the olfactory cortex is still lacking.…”
PurposeStomach 36 (ST36, zusanli) is one of the important acupoints in acupuncture. Despite clinical functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of ST36 acupuncture, the brain activities and the neural mechanism following acupuncture at ST36 remain unclear.MethodsLiterature searches were conducted on online databases, including MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang database, WeiPu database, and China Biology Medicine, for task-based fMRI studies of acupuncture at ST36 in healthy subjects. Brain regions activated by ST36 acupuncture were systematically evaluated and subjected to seed-based d mapping meta-analysis. Subgroup analysis was conducted on control procedures, manual acupuncture, electrical acupuncture (EA), and acupuncture-specific activations. Meta-regression analysis was performed to explore the effects of needle retention time on brain activities following ST36 acupuncture stimulation. The activated brain regions were further decoded and mapped on large-scale functional networks to further decipher the clinical relevance of acupuncturing at ST36.ResultsA total of sixteen studies, involving a total of 401 right-handed healthy participants, that satisfied the inclusion criteria were included in the present meta-analysis. Meta-analysis showed that acupuncturing on ST36 positively activates the opercular part of the right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG.R), left superior temporal gyrus (STG.L), and right median cingulate/paracingulate gyri (MCG.R) regions. Needle retention time in an acupuncture session positively correlates with the activation of the left olfactory cortex, as shown in meta-regression analysis. Subgroup analysis revealed that EA stimulation may be a source of heterogeneity in the pooled results. Functional network mappings showed that the activated areas were mapped to the auditory network and salience network. Further functional decoding analysis showed that acupuncture on ST36 was associated with pain, secondary somatosensory, sound and language processing, and mood regulation.ConclusionAcupuncture at ST36 in healthy individuals positively activates the opercular part of IFG.R, STG.L, and MCG.R. The left olfactory cortex may exhibit positive needle retention time-dependent activities. Our findings may have clinical implications for acupuncture in analgesia, language processing, and mood disorders.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://inplasy.com/inplasy-2021-12-0035.
“…Es zeigte sich bei postinfektiöser Riechstörung eine Verbesserung in der Unterscheidung von Geruchsstoffen. Akupunktur scheint also unabhängig vom Alter die Riechstörung positiv zu beeinflussen und kann daher als adjuvante Maßnahme Adjuvante Maßnahme bei Riechstörungen gelten, jedoch ist es wichtig, zeitnah nach Auftreten der Riechstörung mit der Behandlung zu beginnen [ 66 ]. Weitere Studien sind nötig, u. a. auch im Vergleich zur Therapie mit Riechtraining.…”
Ziel der vorliegenden Übersicht ist es, einen Überblick über die Ätiologie und Diagnostik von Riech- und Schmeckstörungen zu geben. Da etwa 5 % der Allgemeinbevölkerung betroffen sind, ist es ein häufiges Krankheitsbild. Riechen und Schmecken erhielten v. a. zuletzt Aufmerksamkeit während des Aufkommens der SARS-CoV-2-Pandemie, wobei eine plötzlich aufgetretene Riech- und/oder Schmeckstörung zu den typischen Symptomen zählt. Daneben sind Riechstörungen in der Frühdiagnostik neurodegenerativer Erkrankungen von Bedeutung. Häufig zeigen Patienten mit Riechstörungen Zeichen einer Depression. Die Auswirkungen von Riech‑/Schmeckstörungen sind also umfangreich, die Therapiemöglichkeiten aktuell begrenzt. Nach einem Einblick in die Ätiologie werden Diagnostik und Therapiemöglichkeiten auf dem aktuellen Stand der Literatur erörtert. Auch zukunftsweisende Behandlungsvorstellungen, wie z. B. autologe Schleimhauttransplantationen oder olfaktorische Implantate, werden angesprochen.
“…Obwohl hier kein Behandlungserfolg bezüglich der Hyposmie vorliegt, ist eine mögliche Wirksamkeit körpertherapeutischer Verfahren beim betreffenden Beschwerdebild keineswegs ausgeschlossen. Gerade für die Akupunktur wurde hierüber berichtet [ 4 , 5 , 6 ], auch durch Studien zu idiopathischer Schmeckstörung [ 7 ] und postinfektiöser Riechstörung [ 8 ]. Der Name des in der Nasolabialfalte gelegenen Akupunkturpunktes Di 20 Yingxiang „Empfang des Duftes“ [ 9 ] weist auf beobachtete Wirkungen hin.…”
Section: Vorbemerkung: Psychosomatische Reha Und Die Covid-19-pandemieunclassified
“…Konkret hätte hier z. B. die „Sniffin‘-Sticks“-Testbatterie [ 12 ] genutzt werden können, welche auch in einer der o. g. Studien zum Einsatz kam [ 8 ].…”
Section: Vorbemerkung: Psychosomatische Reha Und Die Covid-19-pandemieunclassified
SummaryWährend der Covid-19-Pandemie war eine Zunahme von Angst und Depressionen zu beobachten. Die Patienten suchen nach medizinischer Unterstützung, auch bei psychischen und psychosomatischen Symptomen. Am Beispiel eines Falles passagerer Spontanbesserung einer Covid-19-assoziierten Hyposmie nach körpertherapeutischer Komplexbehandlung in der psychosomatischen Rehabilitation diskutiert der Beitrag den scheinbaren oder tatsächlichen Therapieerfolg einer multimodalen Behandlung.
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