ACUPUNCTURE IN HEROIN ADDICTS: CHANGES IN MET-ENKEPHALIN AND $beta;-ENDORPHIN IN BLOOD AND CEREBROSPINAL FLUID

Clement‐Jones, Vicky; Lowry, P. J.; McLoughlin, Lorraine; Besser, G. M.; Rees, Linford; Wen, H.L.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(79)90401-x

Cited by 187 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The met-enkephalin figures appear in table IV. Normal values have yet to be established but the mean values in other laboratories [2] suggest our patients had raised met-enkephalin levels. No obvious change of met-enkephalin occurred during stimulation.…”

Section: Peptide Analysismentioning

confidence: 83%

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Dorsal Column Stimulation in Multiple Sclerosis: Effects on Bladder, Leg Blood Flow and Peptides

Hawkes¹,

Fawcett

Cooke

et al. 1981

Stereotact Funct Neurosurg

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9 patients with bladder disorder secondary to multiple sclerosis (MS) were treated by dorsal column stimulation (DCS). Detailed urodynamic tests were performed and leg blood flow was assessed on repeated occasions. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) met-enkephalin levels were estimated before and during DCS. The chief effect of DCS was improved urinary flow associated with reduced sphincter tone and lessened detrusor instability maximal at the 6th or 7th day of continuous stimulation. Considerable fluctuation in leg blood flow occurred unrelated to activation of the stimulator. No obvious change in CSF met-enkephalin levels took place, but it is suspected that the mode of action of DCS in via certain peptide hormones.

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Section: Peptide Analysismentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Ob-servations on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) opiate-related peptides during acupuncture [2] raise the question of similar change during DCS. We have therefore begun to explore CSF met-enkephaiin changes in a few pa tients and have examined the urethral sphincter changes in response to naloxone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dorsal Column Stimulation in Multiple Sclerosis: Effects on Bladder, Leg Blood Flow and Peptides

Hawkes¹,

Fawcett

Cooke

et al. 1981

Stereotact Funct Neurosurg

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“…Full details of all these assays have been described as follows: me thionine-enkephalin [9], p-LPH [17,23], a-MSH [28,34] and AC'TH [31,32]. The various extracts showed parallel displacement in the radioimmunoassays.…”

Section: Radioimmunoassaymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neurones containing (3-endorphin and a-MSH-like immunoreactivity have been visualized within the hypothalamus of both the rat and human [6-8, 27, 38, 39] and in the rat hypophysectomy does not influence the brain content of these peptides suggesting local synthesis by hypothalamic neurones [18,19]. The CNS functions of (3-endorphin and the ACTH fragments, a-MSH and CLIP are not known; however, a role for the endorphins has been im plicated in the pathology of schizophrenia [I, 22] and acu puncture analgesia [9] and in combination with a-MSH in Received: November 29, 1982 Accepted after revision: June 22. 1983 the response to stress [2, 3].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional Distribution of Pro-Opiomelanocortin-Derived Peptides in the Human Brain

Emson

Corder

et al. 1984

Neuroendocrinology

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The regional distribution of pro-opiocortin-derived peptides and methionine enkephalin was investigated in human brain post-mortem. Sequence-directed radioimmunoassays for β-endorphin, γ-lipotropin, adrenocorticotrophin, corticotrophin-like intermediate lobe peptide (ACTH_18–39, CLIP) α-MSH and methionine enkephalin were used and 40 different human brain areas were assayed. The regional distribution of all the pro-opiomelanocortin-derived immunoreactivi-ties were correlated with highest amounts of β-endorphin, γ-lipotropin and ACTH in the hypothalamus, amygdala, peri-ventricular grey, substantia nigra and superior colliculus. The distribution of β-endorphin, γ-lipotropin and ACTH did not parallel the distribution of methionine-enkephalin immunoreactivity which was present in the globus pallidus, nucleus accumbens and substantia nigra. Gel exclusion chromatography (G-50) showed that pro-opiocortin-related peptides in the human hypothalamus and periventricular grey separated in positions consistent with the major immunoreactive forms being β-endorphin, γ-lipotropin, ACTH and CLIP.

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“…The measurement of opioid peptides (the endorphins) in CSF has lead to many assumptions concerning their involv ement in pain [2], stress [7], schizophrenia [ 13], opioid addic tion and acupuncture [5]. There are two principal sensitive methods for measuring opioid peptides, receptor-binding assays [26] and radioimmunoassay [10].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of the Pro Opiocortin Family of Peptides in Human Cerebrospinal Fluid

McLoughlin¹,

Lowry²,

Ratter³

et al. 1981

Neuroendocrinology

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Chromatography under acid dissociating conditions in conjunction with radioimmunoassay has been employed to investigate the nature of peptides related to opiocortin in human cerebrospinal fluid. Samples of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were collected for chromatography from 15 patients prior to air encephalography. 2 patients had pituitary dependent Cushing’s disease, 3 non-endocrine neurological disease and 10 non-ACTH related pituitary disease. The column fractions were assayed for N- and C-terminal β-lipotropin, N-termi’nal ACTH and γ-MSH immunoreactivity. Elution profiles obtained from chromatography on Sephadex G-50 demonstrated peaks of immunoreactivity corresponding to the elution positions of synthetic human β-endorphin, highly purified β-lipotropin and highly purified γ-lipotropin in all CSF samples. A peak of a large molecular weight material with N and C terminal β-lipotropin immunoreactivity was also detected. Chromatography of CSF on Sephadex G-75 showed this large molecular weight peak to be comprised of peptides eluting in the positions of a 31K molecular weight marker with β-lipotropin and ACTH immunoreactivity and a 16K molecular weight marker with γ-MSH immunoreactivity. This suggests the presence of the common precursor to ACTH and LPH in the CSF.

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ACUPUNCTURE IN HEROIN ADDICTS: CHANGES IN MET-ENKEPHALIN AND $beta;-ENDORPHIN IN BLOOD AND CEREBROSPINAL FLUID

Cited by 187 publications

References 17 publications

Dorsal Column Stimulation in Multiple Sclerosis: Effects on Bladder, Leg Blood Flow and Peptides

Dorsal Column Stimulation in Multiple Sclerosis: Effects on Bladder, Leg Blood Flow and Peptides

Regional Distribution of Pro-Opiomelanocortin-Derived Peptides in the Human Brain

Characterisation of the Pro Opiocortin Family of Peptides in Human Cerebrospinal Fluid

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