Acuidade visual e visão de cores no tratamento cirúrgico precoce e tardio da catarata congênita

Abstract

Congenital Cataracts (CC) is defined as lens opacity, present at birth or appearing soon after. This condition can be classified according to morphology, position and density, and the prognosis varies according to morphology and early diagnosis and treatment. Due to visual deprivation in Congenital Cataracts, the organic and functional evolution of the visual system is impaired, leading to changes that result in poor vision, while also affecting retina components and brain areas related to color processing. The aim of this study was to verify the impact on the development of color vision and visual acuity among children who underwent congenital cataracts treatment. Two groups were evaluated: 16 children in the control group and 16 in the CC group. Teller's Acuity Cards were used to evaluate visual acuity, and an adapted version of the Cambridge Color Test (CCT) was applied to evaluate the three color vision axes (protan, deutan and tritan). Decreased visual acuity was observed for all children in the CC group, as well as in the deutan and protan axes when compared to the control group, primarily the protan axis. A correlation was detected between the protan axis and visual acuity, thus inferring that changes in the central retina and the parvocellular pathway in children with CC do indeed occur.