Actualización en el tratamiento farmacológico del trastorno por déficit de atención/hiperactividad: lisdexanfetamina y guanfacina de liberación retardada

Fernández-Mayoralas, Daniel Martı́n; Perrone, Ana Laura Fernández; Jareño, Nuria Muñoz; Fernández-Jaén, Alberto

doi:10.33588/rn.64s02.2017069

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 50 publications

(108 reference statements)

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“…Regarding ADHD therapies, an appropriate strategy consists of a multimodal treatment combining psychological and behavioral therapy with pharmacological measures, where the main protagonists are methylphenidate and lisdextroamfetamine (stimulants) and atomoxetine and guanfacine (non-stimulant drugs) [22,23]. However, how these therapies affect the HPA axis and the redox system is yet unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Cortisol and in Oxidative/Nitrosative Stress Indicators after ADHD Treatment

Garre-Morata,

de Haro,

Villén

et al. 2024

Antioxidants

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Although ADHD is one of the most prevalent diseases during childhood, we still do not know its precise origin; oxidative/nitrosative stress and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis are suggested contributors. Methylphenidate, among others, is the main drug used in ADHD patients, but its effects on relevant markers and structures remain unclear. This study, involving 59 patients diagnosed with ADHD according to DSM-5 criteria, aimed to assess changes in cortisol levels (using cortisol awakening response, CAR) and oxidative/nitrosative status with the treatment. Blood samples before and 3 months after treatment with methylphenidate were used to measure oxidative and inflammatory markers, as well as the endogenous antioxidant activity, while saliva samples tracked cortisol awakening response (CAR). The results showed a treatment-related improvement in the redox profile, with the reduction in advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), lipid peroxidation (LPO), and nitrite plus nitrate (NOx) levels, and the increase in the enzymatic activities of glutathione reductase (GRd) and catalase (CAT). Moreover, the area under the curve (AUC) of CAR increased significantly, indicating increased reactivity of the HPA axis. These results support, for the first time, the involvement of the endogenous antioxidant system in the pathophysiology of ADHD.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Cortisol and in Oxidative/Nitrosative Stress Indicators after ADHD Treatment

Garre-Morata,

de Haro,

Villén

et al. 2024

Antioxidants

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Changes in Cortisol and in Oxidative/Nitrosative Stress Indicators after ADHD Treatment

Garre-Morata,

Haro,

Villén

et al. 2023

Preprint

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ADHD, one of the most prevalent diseases during childhood, we still do not know its precisely origin, although oxidative/nitrosative stress and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis are suggested contributors. Methylphenidate, among others, is the main drug used in these patients, but its effects on relevant markers and structures remain unclear. This study, involving 59 patients diagnosed with ADHD according to DSM-5 criteria, aimed to assess changes in cortisol levels (using cortisol awakening response, CAR) and oxidative/nitrosative status with the treatment. Blood samples before and 3 months after treatment with methylphenidate were used to measure oxidative and inflammatory markers, and the endogenous antioxidant activity, while saliva samples tracked cortisol awakening response (CAR). The results show a treatment-related improvement in the redox profile, with the reduction of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), lipid peroxidation (LPO), and nitrite plus nitrate (NOx) levels, and the increase of the enzymatic activities of glutathione reductase (GRd) and catalase (CAT). Moreover, the area under the curve (AUC) of CAR increased significantly, indicating increased reactivity of the HPA axis. These result support by the first time the involvement of the endogenous antioxidant system in the pathophysiology of ADHD.

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Personalization of Pharmacological Treatments for ADHD: Why it is Advisable and Possible Options to Achieve it

Herrera-Morales

Ramı́rez-Lugo

Cauich-Kumul

et al. 2022

CTMC

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Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder diagnosed primarily in children, although it is also present in adults. Patients present inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity symptoms that create difficulties in their daily lives. Pharmacological treatment with stimulants or non-stimulants is used most commonly to reduce ADHD symptoms. Although generally effective and safe, pharmacological treatments have different effects among patients, including lack of response and adverse reactions. The reasons for these differences are not fully understood, but they may derive from the highly diverse etiology of ADHD. Strategies to guide optimal pharmacological treatment selection on the basis of individual patients’ physiological markers are being developed. In this review, we describe the main pharmacological ADHD treatments used and their main drawbacks. We present alternatives under study that would allow the customization of pharmacological treatments to overcome these drawbacks and achieve more reliable improvement of ADHD symptoms.

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Actualización en el tratamiento farmacológico del trastorno por déficit de atención/hiperactividad: lisdexanfetamina y guanfacina de liberación retardada

Abstract: en el tratamiento farmacológico del trastorno por déficit de atención/ hiperactividad: lisdexanfetamina y guanfacina de liberación retardada.

Cited by 4 publications

References 50 publications

Changes in Cortisol and in Oxidative/Nitrosative Stress Indicators after ADHD Treatment

Changes in Cortisol and in Oxidative/Nitrosative Stress Indicators after ADHD Treatment

Changes in Cortisol and in Oxidative/Nitrosative Stress Indicators after ADHD Treatment

Personalization of Pharmacological Treatments for ADHD: Why it is Advisable and Possible Options to Achieve it

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