Activity trends of adenylate and guanylate cyclases and cAMP and cGMP levels during the first embryonic stages of Bufo bufo

Farnesi, Rosalba Maria; Secca, Teresa; S, Tei; Vagnetti, Daniela; Santarella, B.; Roscani, C.

doi:10.1016/0300-9629(93)90214-o

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This idea is consistent with several reports showing that cGMP and cOKs play roles in regulating proliferation. In vivo, cGMP levels increase during the late segmentation stage, a stage of high proliferation, of embryonic development in Bufrt bufh (Farnesi et al, 1993). These cGMP levels drop dramatically on gastrulation, a stage of differentiation and low proliferation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Regulation of Sensory Neuron Precursor Proliferation by Cyclic GMP‐Dependent Protein Kinase

Firestein

Bredt

1998

Journal of Neurochemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cyclic GMP (cGMP) is a molecular messenger involved in diverse cellular processes. Recently, cGMP‐dependent protein kinase (cGK) type II was determined to be a regulator of endochondral ossification and bone growth, identifying a role for cGMP in the regulation of cellular proliferation. Here, we demonstrate the presence of cGK type I (cGKI) in cells of the developing trigeminal ganglia. cGKI occurs in some proliferating precursors as evidenced by double labeling with an antibody to cGKI and 5‐bromo‐2′‐deoxyuridine(BrdU) incorporation. Inhibition of cGKI with KT5823 or Rp‐8‐(4‐chlorophenylthio)‐guanosine‐3′,5′‐cyclic monophosphorothioate (Rp‐8‐pCPT‐cGMPS) in chick embryos results in a 30–40% decrease in trigeminal ganglia cell number, and this effect is independent of nitric oxide synthase (NOS). In addition, inhibition of cGKI with Rp‐8‐pCPT‐cGMPS results in a 60% decrease in BrdU incorporation in the trigeminal ganglia of embryonic day 5 chicks. We find that PC12 cells expressing cGKI proliferate more rapidly and incorporate more BrdU than do control cells. The cGKI inhibitor Rp‐8‐pCPT‐cGMPS decreases proliferation and BrdU incorporation in transfected PC12 cells but has no effect on control cells. The PC12 cells do not express NOS, indicating that this effect is also independent of NOS. Thus, cGKI regulates the proliferation of sensory neurons as a result of activation of a NOS‐independent pathway, representing a novel pathway by which the number of sensory neurons is regulated.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Regulation of Sensory Neuron Precursor Proliferation by Cyclic GMP‐Dependent Protein Kinase

Firestein

Bredt

1998

Journal of Neurochemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Several other studies have suggested that cGMP may regulate cellular proliferation. In vivo , cGMP levels increase during the late segmentation stage of embryonic development in the frog, Bufo bufo , during a stage of precursor proliferation (Farnesi et al . 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heme oxygenase‐1 and heme oxygenase‐2 have distinct roles in the proliferation and survival of olfactory receptor neurons mediated by cGMP and bilirubin, respectively

Chen¹,

Tu²,

Moon³

et al. 2003

Journal of Neurochemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Heme oxygenase (HO) is implicated in protection against oxidative stress, proliferation and apoptosis in many cell types, including neurons. We utilized olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) as a model to define the roles of HO-1 and HO-2 in neuronal development and survival, and to determine the mediators of these effects. The olfactory system is a useful model as ORNs display neurogenesis post-natally and do not contain nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity, which could confound results. HO isoforms were expressed in ORNs during embryogenesis and post-natally. Mice null for either HO-1 or HO-2 displayed decreased proliferation of neuronal precursors. However, apoptosis was increased only in HO-2 null mice. Cyclic GMP immunostaining was reduced in ORNs in both genotypes, providing direct evidence that HO mediates cGMP production in vivo. Bilirubin immunostaining was reduced only in HO-2 null mice. These roles for HO-1 and HO-2 were confirmed using detergent ablation of the epithelium to observe increased neurogenesis of ORNs after target disruption in HO null mice. Primary cultures of ORNs revealed that proliferative and survival effects of HO were mediated through cGMP and bilirubin, respectively. These results support a role for HO, the CO-cGMP signaling system and bilirubin in neurodevelopment and in response to injury. Keywords: development, heme oxygenase-1, heme oxygenase-2, neurogenesis, nitric oxide synthase, olfactory epithelium.

show abstract

“…the development of many organisms ranging from the The neuromediators epinephrine, norepinephrine, amoeba dictyostelium and the fly Drosophila to the amand Ach regulate the contractility of cardiac muscle phibian Bufo bufo (Levin et al, 1992;Pitt et al, 1992;cells (Ben-Yehuda and Rockman, 1996). They exert Farnesi et al, 1993;Fan et al, 1995; Jiang and Struhl, their cellular actions by binding to G-protein-coupled 1995;Soede et al, 1996), as well as in many in vitro receptors and stimulating (catecholamines) or inhibmodels of mammalian cell differentiation (Strickland iting (Ach) AC activity. The undifferentiated P19 cells et al, 1978;Vidricaire et al, 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adenylyl cyclase activity and gene expression during mesodermal differentiation of the P19 embryonal carcinoma cells

et al. 1998

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

DMSO-primed P19 pluripotent cells, which recapitulate the first stages of mammalian cardiogenesis and endodermal formation, were used as an in vitro model to analyze the variations in activity and expression of the different adenylyl cyclase (AC) isoforms during the early events of embryonic cell differentiation. Here, we show that the total AC activity, which increases up to 10-fold after differentiation of P19 cells, is mainly associated with increases in AC2, AC5, and AC6 mRNA levels. Particularly, the marked increase in AC5 mRNA correlates with the appearance of beating cardiomyocytes and with the transcription of the atrial myosin light chain (MLC1A) gene which encodes a protein specifically involved in the cardiac muscle cell contractile phenotype. Together, the results strongly suggest that 1) a rise in cyclic AMP (cAMP) may be associated with cardiomyocyte and endodermal cell differentiation during mammalian embryogenesis; and 2) AC5 gene expression starts very early during normal mouse cardiogenesis and correlates with the differentiation of cardiomyocytes.

show abstract

Activity trends of adenylate and guanylate cyclases and cAMP and cGMP levels during the first embryonic stages of Bufo bufo

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

Regulation of Sensory Neuron Precursor Proliferation by Cyclic GMP‐Dependent Protein Kinase

Regulation of Sensory Neuron Precursor Proliferation by Cyclic GMP‐Dependent Protein Kinase

Heme oxygenase‐1 and heme oxygenase‐2 have distinct roles in the proliferation and survival of olfactory receptor neurons mediated by cGMP and bilirubin, respectively

Adenylyl cyclase activity and gene expression during mesodermal differentiation of the P19 embryonal carcinoma cells

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About