Activity patterns of primary auditory-nerve fibres in chickens: Development of fundamental properties

Manley, Geoffrey A.; Kaiser, Alexander; Brix, Jutta; Gleich, Otto

doi:10.1016/0378-5955(91)90068-k

Cited by 60 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…This required some effort especially for the highest CFs Ͼ4,000 Hz. This added procedural difficulty presumably arose from the fact that there is a natural barrier, noted by others (Manley 1990;Manley et al 1985Manley et al , 1991Salvi et al 1992), that reduces access to the extreme basal regions of the ganglion. Adjustments in the electrode path were effective in mitigating this problem.…”

Section: Ontogeny Of Responses To Footplate Stimulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given this fact, why were such CFs not found in earlier studies? A number of explanations for the restricted CFs have been offered in the past (e.g., Jones 1994;Jones and Jones 1995b;Manley 1990Manley , 1996Manley et al 1985Manley et al , 1991. It has been argued that 1) the basal 30 -40% of the cochlea may be nonfunctional, 2) there may be a restricted transfer of airborne high-frequency sound to the cochlea in the late embryo, 3) there may be a sampling bias for low-to middle-frequency neurons, or 4) some combination of these alternatives is responsible for the absence of high CFs.…”

Section: Restricted High-frequency Cfs With Airborne Sound Stimulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies in embryos to date have reported the absence of primary afferent CFs տ2,200 Hz (primary afferents: Jones and Jones 1995a,b;central relays: Lippe andRubel 1983, 1985). The absence of primary afferent neurons with high-frequency CFs in late embryos has been hypothetically attributed to a functionally immature base, reduced transfer of high-frequency sound to the cochlea, and/or technical difficulties that prevent the assessment of the cochlear base (e.g., Jones and Jones 1995b;Manley 1990;Manley et al 1985Manley et al , 1991Salvi et al 1992). The research reported here was undertaken to critically examine these hypotheses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emergence of Hearing in the Chicken Embryo

Jones¹,

Jones

Paggett³

2006

Journal of Neurophysiology

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. It is commonly held that hearing generally begins on incubation day 12 (E12) in the chicken embryo (Gallus domesticus). However, little is known about the response properties of cochlear ganglion neurons for ages younger than E18. We studied ganglion neurons innervating the basilar papilla of embryos (E12-E18) and hatchlings (P13-P15). We asked first, when do primary afferent neurons begin to encode sounds? Second, when do afferents evidence frequency selectivity? Third, what range of characteristic frequencies (CFs) is represented in the late embryo? Finally, how does sound transfer from air to the cochlea affect responses in the embryo and hatchling? Responses to airborne sound were compared with responses to direct columella footplate stimulation of the cochlea. Cochlear ganglion neurons exhibited a profound insensitivity to sound from E12 to E16 (stages 39 -42). Responses to sound and frequency selectivity emerged at about E15. Frequency selectivity matured rapidly from E16 to E18 (stages 42 and 44) to reflect a mature range of CFs (170 -4,478 Hz) and response sensitivity to footplate stimulation. Limited high-frequency sound transfer from air to the cochlea restricted the response to airborne sound in the late embryo. Two periods of ontogeny are proposed. First is a prehearing period (roughly E12-E16) of endogenous cochlear signaling that provides neurotrophic support and guides normal developmental refinements in central binaural processing pathways followed by a period (roughly E16 -E19) wherein the cochlea begins to detect and encode sound.

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Section: Ontogeny Of Responses To Footplate Stimulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Restricted High-frequency Cfs With Airborne Sound Stimulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emergence of Hearing in the Chicken Embryo

Jones¹,

Jones

Paggett³

2006

Journal of Neurophysiology

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“…This large sample overcame the difficulty of encountering units with very low or high CFs (Manley et al 1991, Salvi et al 1992Saunders et al 1996) and provided sufficient sample sizes in all frequency bins to conduct reliable statistical analysis. A summary of the results averaged across all CFs is found in Table 1.…”

Section: General Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rateintensity functions have been reported in a number of avian species including the starling (Manley et al 1985), pigeon (Richter et al 1995), barn owl (Köppl and Yates 1999), chicken (Manley et al 1991;Plontke et al 1999;Salvi et al 1992;Saunders et al 1996), and emu (Yates et al 2000). In these animals, three different types of RI functions have been identified; saturating, sloping upward, and straight.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coding of Sound Intensity in the Chick Cochlear Nerve

Saunders

Ventetuolo

Plontke

et al. 2002

Journal of Neurophysiology

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. Tuning curves, spontaneous activity, and rate-intensity (RI) functions were obtained from units in the chick cochlear nerve. The characteristic frequency (CF) was determined from each tuning curve. The shape of each RI function was subjectively evaluated and assigned to one of four RI types. The breakpoint, discharge rate at the highest SPLs, and slopes of the primary and secondary segments were quantified for each function. The CF and RI type were then related to these variables. A new RI function was observed in which the discharge activity in the secondary segment diminished as stimulus level increased above the breakpoint. This function was called a "slopingdown" type. In 959 units, saturating, sloping-up, sloping-down, and straight RI types were identified in 39.2, 35.5, 12.6, and 12.7% of the sample, respectively. The slope of the primary segment was nearly the same in each of the four types and averaged 5.48 S ⅐ s Ϫ1 ⅐ dB Ϫ1 across all units. The slopes of the secondary segments formed four groupings when segregated by RI type based on the subjective assignments and averaged 0.03, 1.22, Ϫ0.90, and 3.95 S ⅐ s Ϫ1 ⅐ dB Ϫ1 in the saturating, sloping-up, sloping-down, and straight types, respectively. The data describing the secondary segments of all units were fit with a multicompartment polynomial and showed a continuous distribution that segregated, with some overlap, into the different RI categories. The proportion of RI types, as well as the secondary and primary slopes were approximately constant across CFs. In addition, it would appear that the other parameters that define the four types were, for the most part, homogeneously distributed across the frequency axis of the chick inner ear. Finally, a comparison of RI functions having a common CF suggested that the compressive nonlinearity that determines RI type may be a phenomenon localized to individual hair cells in the bird ear.

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Shaw-like potassium currents in the auditory rhombencephalon throughout embryogenesis

1999

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The Shaw subfamily of potassium channel genes, including Kv3.1, are highly expressed within the auditory nuclei of the brainstem, where they have been implicated in the characteristic response properties of particular types of neurons. Potassium currents carried by Kv3.1 are voltage-dependent, have a high activation threshold, are slow to inactivate, and are very sensitive to 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) and tetraethylammonium (TEA). We have investigated the developmental appearance of potassium currents in cell cultures from nucleus magnocellularis and its precursor neuroblasts from the acoustico-vestibular anlage of the chicken. Whole-cell patch recordings revealed that high-threshold, sustained, outward currents were present in 91% of neuroblasts. These currents displayed high sensitivities to TEA and 4-AP. The remaining 9% of neuroblasts exhibited only transient outward currents. Most cells (74%) had both a sustained and an initial transient component of outward current. These current types were observed throughout embryogenesis, beginning with the earliest ages (embryonic day [E]2). During proliferation and migration, and early neuronal differentiation, current levels were low; they incremented gradually during the time when the first synapses occur on dendrites and increased 2- to 3-fold just before hatching, when axosomatic synapses form. These findings suggest that the Shaw subfamily of channels in nucleus magnocellularis may be involved in early neuronal development, as well as in synaptic function later on.

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Activity patterns of primary auditory-nerve fibres in chickens: Development of fundamental properties

Cited by 60 publications

References 54 publications

Emergence of Hearing in the Chicken Embryo

Emergence of Hearing in the Chicken Embryo

Coding of Sound Intensity in the Chick Cochlear Nerve

Shaw-like potassium currents in the auditory rhombencephalon throughout embryogenesis

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