Activity of Red Ginger Extract (Zingiber Officinale Var. Rubrum) Against Interleukin-6

Abstract

Objective: Knowing that it contains gingerol chemicals, red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum) has the potential as a natural immunomodulator. Immunomodulating substances can affect how the human immune system responds by helping to keep the body in a homeostatic state and rebalancing immune system imbalances. The goal of this study was to find out of the extract of red ginger inoculated by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (FMA) in different concentrations affected the reduction of IL-6 levels in test animals' serum in vivo.
 Methods: Twenty-four white male mice were used in this study. Additionally, they were split into six groups, with the negative control group received 0.5% Na CMC. The experimental group received red ginger extract at doses of 100 mg/kgBW, 200 mg/kgBW, 400 mg/kgBW, and "Stimuno" 50 mg/kgBW, whereas the positive control received the Pfizer vaccine. The Pfizer vaccination was administered intramuscularly on day 0 to experimental animals in the positive control and experimental groups. Following that, they underwent a 14-day oral red ginger extract test. Using the Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique, the test was carried out to measure the concentration of IL-6 in the serum.
 Results: The findings illustrated that the dose variations of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kgBW had a significant impact on the drop in IL-6 levels (p<0.05).
 Conclusion: The findings indicate that red ginger ethanol extract, in a variety of dosages, may lower IL-6 levels. The largest reduction in IL-6 levels was seen in the extract test group at a dose of 100 mg/kgBW.

The Effect of Red Ginger Essential Oil on Adherence of Streptococcus mutans

“…This study used essential oil from red ginger because it has high antibacterial activity compared to other types of ginger. 36 Essential oils can be obtained from a wide variety of plants, one of which is red ginger. Parts of the plant such as leaves, flowers, fruits, seeds, stems and rhizomes can be processed into essential oils.…”

“…1 Besides attaching bacteria through the adherence of specific bonds between bacteria and hosts, bacteria can also attach to tooth surfaces with non-specific physical bonds such as van der Waals forces, electrostatic forces, and hydrophobic interaction. 36 In classical DLVO theory, the process of bacterial adherence is produced from the Lifshitz-Van der Waals force, namely the process of electrostatic bilayer interaction and acid-base binding. 37 In bacteria, there are fimbriae that contribute to the initial adherence of the tooth surface and the adherence between bacteria.…”