Activity of pursuit neurons in the caudal part of the frontal eye fields during static roll-tilt

Kurkin, Semen A.; Akao, Teppei; Fukushima, Junko; Fukushima, Kunihiro

doi:10.1007/s00221-006-0830-y

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Another monkey is still being used. However, because of our extensive experience with the characteristic discharge properties of pursuit neurons in the caudal FEF and the similarity in the recording locations in stereotaxic coordinates as reported previously, we are confident that recordings in this monkey also were from similar areas (also Fukushima, Yamanobe, Shinme, Fukushima, 2002 ; Fukushima, Yamanobe, Shinme, Fukushima, Kurkin, et al 2002 ; Akao et al 2005 , 2007 , 2009 ; Kurkin et al 2007 , 2009 ).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 67%

Representation of Neck Velocity and Neck-Vestibular Interactions in Pursuit Neurons in the Simian Frontal Eye Fields

Fukushima¹,

Akao²,

Saitô

et al. 2009

Cerebral Cortex

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The smooth pursuit system must interact with the vestibular system to maintain the accuracy of eye movements in space (i.e., gaze-movement) during head movement. Normally, the head moves on the stationary trunk. Vestibular signals cannot distinguish whether the head or whole body is moving. Neck proprioceptive inputs provide information about head movements relative to the trunk. Previous studies have shown that the majority of pursuit neurons in the frontal eye fields (FEF) carry visual information about target velocity, vestibular information about whole-body movements, and signal eye- or gaze-velocity. However, it is unknown whether FEF neurons carry neck proprioceptive signals. By passive trunk-on-head rotation, we tested neck inputs to FEF pursuit neurons in 2 monkeys. The majority of FEF pursuit neurons tested that had horizontal preferred directions (87%) responded to horizontal trunk-on-head rotation. The modulation consisted predominantly of velocity components. Discharge modulation during pursuit and trunk-on-head rotation added linearly. During passive head-on-trunk rotation, modulation to vestibular and neck inputs also added linearly in most neurons, although in half of gaze-velocity neurons neck responses were strongly influenced by the context of neck rotation. Our results suggest that neck inputs could contribute to representing eye- and gaze-velocity FEF signals in trunk coordinates.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 67%

Representation of Neck Velocity and Neck-Vestibular Interactions in Pursuit Neurons in the Simian Frontal Eye Fields

Fukushima¹,

Akao²,

Saitô

et al. 2009

Cerebral Cortex

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“…Akao et al 2005; Kurkin et al 2007). Neuronal discharge was discriminated with a dual time–amplitude window discriminator and digitized together with eye position and target position signals at 500 Hz using a 16-bit A/D board.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The preferred direction of each neuron was estimated using the Gaussian function:where y is discharge in direction x , A 0 is the resting rate, A is the maximal discharge rate at the preferred direction, x 0 is the preferred direction, and s characterizes the width of the Gaussian (Colby et al 1993; Gottlieb et al 1994; Krauzlis and Lisberger 1996; Kurkin et al 2007). Mean discharge rates in 8 directions were fit with the Gaussian function (eq.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activity of Pursuit-Related Neurons in Medial Superior Temporal Area (MST) during Static Roll-Tilt

Fujiwara

Akao²,

Kurkin³

et al. 2010

Cerebral Cortex

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Recent studies have shown that rhesus macaques can perceive visual motion direction in earth-centered coordinates as accurately as humans. We tested whether coordinate frames representing smooth pursuit and/or visual motion signals in medial superior temporal area (MST) are earth centered to better understand its role in coordinating smooth pursuit. In 2 Japanese macaques, we compared preferred directions (re monkeys' head–trunk axis) of pursuit and/or visual motion responses of MSTd neurons while upright and during static whole-body roll-tilt. In the majority (41/51 = 80%) of neurons tested, preferred directions of pursuit and/or visual motion responses were not significantly different while upright and during 40° static roll-tilt. Preferred directions of the remaining 20% of neurons (n = 10) were shifted beyond the range expected from ocular counter-rolling; the maximum shift was 14°, and the mean shift was 12°. These shifts, however, were still less than half of the expected shift if MST signals are coded in the earth-centered coordinates. Virtually, all tested neurons (44/46 = 96%) failed to exhibit a significant difference between resting discharge rate while upright and during static roll-tilt while fixating a stationary spot. These results suggest that smooth pursuit and/or visual motion signals of MST neurons are not coded in the earth-centered coordinates; our results favor the head- and/or trunk-centered coordinates.

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“…The results were basically similar for all neurons tested in the caudal FEF ( n = 29, Kurkin et al, 2007) and MSTd ( n = 51, Fujiwara et al, 2011). …”

Section: Coordinate Framesmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…We asked whether the discharge coding smooth-pursuit eye movements and visual motion responses in the caudal FEF is in the head-centered coordinate or earth-centered coordinate (Kurkin et al, 2007). This question is fundamental to understanding the role of the caudal FEF in coordinating smooth-pursuit.…”

Section: Coordinate Framesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vestibular-Related Frontal Cortical Areas and Their Roles in Smooth-Pursuit Eye Movements: Representation of Neck Velocity, Neck-Vestibular Interactions, and Memory-Based Smooth-Pursuit

Fukushima¹,

Fukushima²,

Warabi³

2011

Front. Neur.

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Smooth-pursuit eye movements are voluntary responses to small slow-moving objects in the fronto-parallel plane. They evolved in primates, who possess high-acuity foveae, to ensure clear vision about the moving target. The primate frontal cortex contains two smooth-pursuit related areas; the caudal part of the frontal eye fields (FEF) and the supplementary eye fields (SEF). Both areas receive vestibular inputs. We review functional differences between the two areas in smooth-pursuit. Most FEF pursuit neurons signal pursuit parameters such as eye velocity and gaze-velocity, and are involved in canceling the vestibulo-ocular reflex by linear addition of vestibular and smooth-pursuit responses. In contrast, gaze-velocity signals are rarely represented in the SEF. Most FEF pursuit neurons receive neck velocity inputs, while discharge modulation during pursuit and trunk-on-head rotation adds linearly. Linear addition also occurs between neck velocity responses and vestibular responses during head-on-trunk rotation in a task-dependent manner. During cross-axis pursuit–vestibular interactions, vestibular signals effectively initiate predictive pursuit eye movements. Most FEF pursuit neurons discharge during the interaction training after the onset of pursuit eye velocity, making their involvement unlikely in the initial stages of generating predictive pursuit. Comparison of representative signals in the two areas and the results of chemical inactivation during a memory-based smooth-pursuit task indicate they have different roles; the SEF plans smooth-pursuit including working memory of motion–direction, whereas the caudal FEF generates motor commands for pursuit eye movements. Patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease were asked to perform this task, since impaired smooth-pursuit and visual working memory deficit during cognitive tasks have been reported in most patients. Preliminary results suggested specific roles of the basal ganglia in memory-based smooth-pursuit.

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Activity of pursuit neurons in the caudal part of the frontal eye fields during static roll-tilt

Cited by 7 publications

References 26 publications

Representation of Neck Velocity and Neck-Vestibular Interactions in Pursuit Neurons in the Simian Frontal Eye Fields

Representation of Neck Velocity and Neck-Vestibular Interactions in Pursuit Neurons in the Simian Frontal Eye Fields

Activity of Pursuit-Related Neurons in Medial Superior Temporal Area (MST) during Static Roll-Tilt

Vestibular-Related Frontal Cortical Areas and Their Roles in Smooth-Pursuit Eye Movements: Representation of Neck Velocity, Neck-Vestibular Interactions, and Memory-Based Smooth-Pursuit

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