Activity of mount Etna, 1977–1983: Volcanic phenomena and accompanying seismic tremor

Tanguy, Jean-Claude; Patanè, Salvatore

doi:10.1007/bf01952355

Cited by 25 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Observations suggest that at the beginning of an episode degassed, viscous magma is pushed out of the crater, followed by less viscous and degassing magma towards the end of the episode. Similarly, a correlation between tremor episode and lava fountaining height was reported from Etna, Italy (Alparone et al 2003;Falsaperla et al 2005;La Spina et al 2015;Tanguy and Patane 1984;Zobin 2013), Alaska (McNutt 1987 and Hawaii (Heliker and Mattox 2003).…”

Section: Linear Increase In Seismic Amplitudementioning

confidence: 68%

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Evolving shallow conduit revealed by tremor and vent activity observations during episodic lava fountaining of the 2021 Geldingadalir eruption, Iceland

et al. 2023

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Cyclic behaviour is observed in volcanic phenomena ranging from caldera collapses to explosions, spattering or lava fountaining. The repeating processes can define irregular, regular or systematically changing patterns. These patterns yield information about the subsurface structure, which often is not considered in detail. We analyse the pattern of 7058 lava fountaining episodes that occur between 2 May and 14 June 2021 during the Geldingadalir eruption, Iceland. Our seismometer records the lava fountaining episodes as tremor episodes. We analyse the seismic tremor amplitude, the episode duration, the repose time and the sum of episode duration and repose time (cycle duration). We define six periods characterised by different patterns: Three periods feature long episodes that exponentially shorten with time. One period features coexisting long and short episodes in a haphazard sequence. One period shows a stable pulsing duration but increasing repose time, and one period has stable, short episodes and repose times. We conclude that the episodic fountaining starts because a shallow-conduit container forms on 2 May shifting the magma degassing from sustained continuous to an episodic state. This situation evolves until 11 May when a semi-stable state is reached. The length of the repose times is most likely influenced by the amount of outgassed magma present in the uppermost part of the shallow conduit. Finally, we suggest that the vent is mechanically eroded and widens with time causing increasing seismic tremor amplitudes. However, the trends are frequently punctuated by partial crater wall collapses that temporarily disrupt the system.

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Section: Linear Increase In Seismic Amplitudementioning

confidence: 68%

“…Finally, a sharp tremor increase has been observed to accompany lava fountaining at volcanoes worldwide (e.g. (Alparone et al 2003;Falsaperla et al 2005;Heliker and Mattox 2003;La Spina et al 2015;McNutt 1987;Privitera et al 2003;Tanguy and Patane 1984)).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolving shallow conduit revealed by tremor and vent activity observations during episodic lava fountaining of the 2021 Geldingadalir eruption, Iceland

et al. 2023

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“…Observations suggest that at the beginning of an episode degassed, viscous magma is pushed out of the crater, followed by less viscous and degassing magma towards the end of the pulse. Similarly, a correlation between tremor pulse and lava fountaining height was reported from Etna, Italy (Alparone et al, 2003;Falsaperla et al, 2005;La Spina et al, 2015;Tanguy and Patane, 1984;Zobin, 2013), Alaska (McNutt, 1987) and Hawaii (Heliker and Mattox, 2003).…”

Section: Linear Increase In Seismic Amplitudementioning

confidence: 68%

Evolving Shallow-conduit Container Affects the Lava Fountaining during the 2021 Fagradalsfjall Eruption, Iceland

Eibl

Þórdarson

Höskuldsson

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Pulsating behaviour is observed in volcanic phenomena ranging from caldera collapses to explosions, spattering or lava fountaining. The repeating processes can define irregular, regular or systematically changing patterns. These patterns yield information about the subsurface structure, which often is not considered in detail. We analyse the pattern of 7058 lava fountaining episodes that occur between 2 May and 14 June 2021 during the Fagradalsfjall eruption, Iceland. Our seismometer records the lava fountaining episodes as tremor pulses. We analyse the seismic tremor amplitude, the pulse duration, the repose time and the sum of pulse duration and repose time (cycle duration). We define six periods characterised by different patterns: Three periods feature long pulses that exponentially shorten with time. One period features coexisting long and short pulses in a haphazard sequence. One period shows a stable pulsing duration but increasing repose time and one period has stable, short pulses and repose times. We conclude that the episodic fountaining starts because a shallow-conduit container forms on 2 May shifting the magma degassing from sustained continuous to an episodic state. This situation evolves until 11 May when a semi-stable state is reached. The length of the repose times are most likely influenced by the amount of outgassed magma present in the uppermost part of the shallow conduit. Finally, we suggest that the vent is mechanically eroded and widens with time causing increasing seismic tremor amplitudes. However, the trends are frequently punctuated by partial crater wall collapses that temporarily disrupt the system.

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“…Mount Etna has been regularly monitored since 1971 and volcanic tremor studies date back some decades. They are focused on the tremor source [ Schick and Riuscetti , 1973; Riuscetti et al , 1977; Seidl et al , 1981; Schick et al , 1982; Ferrucci et al , 1990; Del Pezzo et al , 1993], spectral features [ Schick et al , 1982; Falsaperla et al , 1994], wave‐field polarizations [ Ferrucci et al , 1990; Del Pezzo et al , 1993] and relationships with volcanic activity [ Tanguy and Patanè , 1984; Cosentino et al , 1989; Gresta et al , 1991, 1996a, 1996b; Falsaperla et al , 1994]. Many studies attribute the tremor source to pressure fluctuations derived from an unsteady magma flow and many models have been proposed [ Schick and Riuscetti , 1973; Riuscetti et al , 1977; Seidl et al , 1981; Schick , 1981].…”

Section: Volcanic Tremormentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between tremor and volcanic activity during the Southeast Crater eruption on Mount Etna in early 2000

et al. 2003

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[1] The Southeast Crater of Mount Etna (Italy) was characterized by a violent eruptive activity between 26 January and 24 June 2000. This activity produced 64 lava fountain episodes with repose periods from 3 hours to 10 days. We estimated a volume of about 15-20 Â 10 6 m 3 lava and at least 2-3 Â 10 6 m 3 of tephra. We compared the paroxysmal volcanic activity to its associated seismic signature: The high number of events highlighted a strict correlation between tremor and volcanic activity. Seismic and volcanic characteristics, such as the frequency of occurrence, the duration of lava fountains and the associated tremor energy, suggested the subdivision of the studied period into two stages separated by the 20 February event. Combining volcanic with seismic data, we observed some useful relationships among lava fountain height, sustained column height and Reduced Displacement; in addition, we found that the entire episode was well correlated with the duration of the amplitude increase. Computing the tremor energy linked to each event, the total energy associated with lava fountains episodes results in 76% of the energy released during the whole period. Finally, the different ratios among the overall spectral amplitude of the seismic signals of the stations located at different altitudes suggested to us the elaboration of a simple qualitative model to explain the dynamic behavior of the tremor source during the whole episode.

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Activity of mount Etna, 1977–1983: Volcanic phenomena and accompanying seismic tremor

Cited by 25 publications

References 5 publications

Evolving shallow conduit revealed by tremor and vent activity observations during episodic lava fountaining of the 2021 Geldingadalir eruption, Iceland

Evolving shallow conduit revealed by tremor and vent activity observations during episodic lava fountaining of the 2021 Geldingadalir eruption, Iceland

Evolving Shallow-conduit Container Affects the Lava Fountaining during the 2021 Fagradalsfjall Eruption, Iceland

Relationship between tremor and volcanic activity during the Southeast Crater eruption on Mount Etna in early 2000

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