Activity of entomophthoran fungal isolates (Zygomycetes) against Nilaparvata lugens and Sogatodes orizicola (Homoptera: Delphacidae)

A floatable formulation and laboratory bioassay of Pandora delphacis (Entomophthoromycota: Entomophthorales) for the control of rice pest Nilaparvata lugens Stål (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)

“…This result was inferior to previous reports of the same pathogen, in which particular isolates caused >90% mortality . The difference could be attributed to several factors.…”

“…The difference could be attributed to several factors. The previous report noted high mortality in the control (35%), which thus influenced the final mortality measurement . In this study, control mortality never exceeded 10% because the experiment involved less interference with the BPH.…”

“…In this study, control mortality never exceeded 10% because the experiment involved less interference with the BPH. Variation in the pathogenicity and virulence of P. delphacis isolates is also overwhelming . Thus, isolating fresh P. delphacis strains from the field may allow the selection of more promising candidates for BPH control.…”

“…The host range of P. delphacis is limited to rice planthoppers and several aphid species, and this pathogen widely spread with migratory hosts even across the Pacific Ocean . The preliminary screening of global P. delphacis isolates against BPH was conducted several decades ago and showed that many isolates could cause mortalities of >70%, thereby presenting a promising potential for BPH control . However, it is difficult to develop a mycoinsecticide based on entomophthoralean fungi because the conidia are short lived and hard to harvest and spray .…”

“…13 -15 The preliminary screening of global P. delphacis isolates against BPH was conducted several decades ago and showed that many isolates could cause mortalities of >70%, thereby presenting a promising potential for BPH control. 16 However, it is difficult to develop a mycoinsecticide based on entomophthoralean fungi because the conidia are short lived and hard to harvest and spray. 17 Several mycelium-based entomophthoralean formulations, including mycelial mats, broomcorn pellets, alginate beads and humectant granules, have been manufactured, to take advantage of their superior sporulation characteristics.…”