Activity of cyclooxygenase-2 and nitric oxide in milk leucocytes following intramammary inoculation of a bio-response modifier during bovine Staphylococcus aureus subclinical mastitis

De, Ujjwal Kumar; Mukherjee, Reena

doi:10.1007/s11259-014-9604-3

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…COX-2 is an indicator of inflammatory responses because expression of this protein is upregulated during inflammatory stimuli in cells. For example, overexpression of COX-2 was observed in cells stimulated by LPS and mastitis-inducing bacteria [36]. Like these previous reports, our data demonstrated that COX-2 expression was increased in cells treated with LPS (1 μg/ml).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Bee Venom Decreases LPS-Induced Inflammatory Responses in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells

Jeong

Cheng

Bae

et al. 2017

Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology

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The world dairy industry has long been challenged by bovine mastitis, an inflammatory disease, which causes economic loss due to decreased milk production and quality. Attempts have been made to prevent or treat this disease with multiple approaches, primarily through increased abuse of antibiotics, but effective natural solutions remain elusive. Bee venom (BV) contains a variety of peptides (, melittin) and shows multiple bioactivities, including prevention of inflammation. Thus, in the current study, it was hypothesized that BV can reduce inflammation in bovine mammary epithelial cells (MAC-T). To examine the hypothesis, cells were treated with LPS (1 μg/ml) to induce an inflammatory response and the anti-inflammatory effects of BV (2.5 and 5 μg/ml) were investigated. The cellular mechanisms of BV against LPS-induced inflammation were also investigated. Results showed that BV can attenuate expression of an inflammatory protein, COX2, and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-α. Activation of NF-κB, an inflammatory transcription factor, was significantly downregulated by BV in cells treated with LPS, through dephosphorylation of ERK1/2. Moreover, pretreatment of cells with BV attenuated LPS-induced production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (, superoxide anion). These results support our hypothesis that BV can decrease LPS-induced inflammatory responses in bovine mammary epithelial cells through inhibition of oxidative stress, NF-κB, ERK1/2, and COX-2 signaling.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Bee Venom Decreases LPS-Induced Inflammatory Responses in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells

Jeong

Cheng

Bae

et al. 2017

Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology

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“…Upregulation of COX-2 expression is found in cellular inflammatory responses (Ricciotti & FitzGerald, 2011). Furthermore, overexpression of COX-2 was also observed in cells stimulated by LPS and mastitis-inducing bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus (De & Mukherjee, 2014; Kang et al 2016). Thus, COX-2 activation is a reliable end-point in cells suffering from inflammation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative stress-induced inflammatory responses and effects of N-acetylcysteine in bovine mammary alveolar cells

Bae

Jeong

Cheng

et al. 2017

Journal of Dairy Research

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Bovine mastitis, an inflammation of the udder, results in reduced milk production and poor milk quality. Mastitis is usually, but not always, a response to pathogen infection. High milk yield can produce oxidative stress in the mammary tissue. High milk yield is also known to be associated with bovine mastitis. Thus, in the current study, we hypothesised that oxidative stress increases inflammatory responses in bovine mammary cells. To examine the hypothesis, we produced cellular oxidative stress and investigated resulting inflammatory responses in bovine mammary alveolar cells (MAC-T). To produce oxidative stress, cells were treated with the reactive oxygen species (ROS; e.g., superoxide anion)-producing agent, menadione (MD; 0-10 µm; 6 h). To ensure the ROS-induced responses, cells were pretreated with an antioxidant NAC (0-10 mm; 1 h). Results showed that MD elevated intracellular ROS levels and protein expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), a biomarker of inflammation. Pretreatment of cells with NAC attenuated MD-induced COX-2 expression by scavenging intracellular ROS and enhancing intracellular glutathione levels. MD-induced COX-2 expression was mediated by activation of extracellular signal receptor-activated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), Akt, and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB). NAC attenuated activation of these intracellular signalling molecules. Treatment of cells with pharmacological inhibitors for ERK1/2, Akt, and NF-κB confirmed the association of these signalling pathways in MD-induced COX-2 expression. These results support our hypothesis that oxidative stress, which is found in high-yielding dairy cows, can produce cellular inflammation in bovine mammary alveolar cells and prevention of oxidative stress can attenuate such pathological responses. This may be relevant for cases of clinical mastitis for which no pathogen can be isolated.

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“…Moreover, COX-2 is regulated by infections, cytokines, growth factors, and stress [3]. COX-2 has also been shown to be upregulated during mastitis [4,28]. Therefore, COX-2 is a reliable end-point when observing inflammation in cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Chamaecyparis Obtusa Essential Oil on Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells

Shin¹,

Jung²,

Seo³

et al. 2017

Korean J Otorhinolaryngol-Head Neck Surg

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Activity of cyclooxygenase-2 and nitric oxide in milk leucocytes following intramammary inoculation of a bio-response modifier during bovine Staphylococcus aureus subclinical mastitis

Cited by 12 publications

References 38 publications

Bee Venom Decreases LPS-Induced Inflammatory Responses in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells

Bee Venom Decreases LPS-Induced Inflammatory Responses in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells

Oxidative stress-induced inflammatory responses and effects of N-acetylcysteine in bovine mammary alveolar cells

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Chamaecyparis Obtusa Essential Oil on Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells

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