Activity of brain stem neurons during eye movements of alert monkeys.

Luschei, Erich S.; Fuchs, Albert F.

doi:10.1152/jn.1972.35.4.445

Cited by 513 publications

(177 citation statements)

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“…This Position-Threshold-Slope hypothesis was also used to derive a spatial map from an analog signal by Kuperstein (1986/1989) in their model of saccadic eye movement control, which is another example of a Where stream process. Neurophysiological data wherein thresholds and slopes covary across cells involved in eye movement control have been reported by several investigators (Luschei & Fuchs, 1972;Robinson, 1970;Schiller, 1970). Such a correction between Position, Threshold, and Slope converts an increasing analog input into a topographical shift across the spatial map in the following way.…”

Section: Span Model Spatial Mapmentioning

confidence: 88%

A neural model of how the brain represents and compares multi-digit numbers: spatial and categorical processes

Grossberg

Repin

2003

Neural Networks

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Section: Span Model Spatial Mapmentioning

confidence: 88%

A neural model of how the brain represents and compares multi-digit numbers: spatial and categorical processes

Grossberg

Repin

2003

Neural Networks

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“…The model LLBNs show a prelude of activity, which is characteristic of the cell type (Van Gisbergen et al, 1981). The EBN burst begins after the onset of LLBN activity (Luschei and Fuchs, 1972). The antagonist EBN produces a small burst at the end of a saccade.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The reticular formation consists of a number of saccade-related areas which provide direct input to the oculomotor neurons. These areas contain a number of functionally distinct cell types, including tonic neurons (TN), excitatory and inhibitory burst neurons (EBN and IBN) some of which display a long-lead prelude of activity (LLBN), and omnipause neurons (OPN) (Luschei and Fuchs, 1972;Keller, 1974) (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A neural model of the saccade generator in the reticular formation

Gancarz

Grossberg

1998

Neural Networks

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“…However, they did not directly compare the effects of exogenous cues on eye and head movement latencies. Since the head movement system is not gated by omnipause neurons (OPNs) (Gandhi and Sparks 2007), as is the case for saccades (Keller 1974(Keller , 1977Luschei and Fuchs 1972), this neck muscle response is believed to reflect the attentional cueing effect of the exogenous cue. The lack of inhibition by OPNs might also cause the observation that movement decisions are generally reflected first in neck muscle activity, followed later by eye movements, as has been observed in a saccade countermanding paradigm (Corneil and Elsley 2005) or with frontal eye field (FEF) or superior colliculus (SC) microstimulation (Chen 2006;Elsley et al 2007;Tu and Keating 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Influence of Attention on Gaze and Head Movements

Khan

Blohm²,

McPeek³

et al. 2009

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Khan AZ, Blohm G, McPeek RM, Lefèvre P. Differential influence of attention on gaze and head movements. J Neurophysiol 101: 198 -206, 2009. First published November 5, 2008 doi:10.1152/jn.90815.2008. A salient peripheral cue can capture attention, influencing subsequent responses to a target. Attentional cueing effects have been studied for head-restrained saccades; however, under natural conditions, the head contributes to gaze shifts. We asked whether attention influences head movements in combined eye-head gaze shifts and, if so, whether this influence is different for the eye and head components. Subjects made combined eye-head gaze shifts to horizontal visual targets. Prior to target onset, a behaviorally irrelevant cue was flashed at the same (congruent) or opposite (incongruent) location at various stimulusonset asynchrony (SOA) times. We measured eye and head movements and neck muscle electromyographic signals. Reaction times for the eye and head were highly correlated; both showed significantly shorter latencies (attentional facilitation) for congruent compared with incongruent cues at the two shortest SOAs and the opposite pattern (inhibition of return) at the longer SOAs, consistent with attentional modulation of a common eye-head gaze drive. Interestingly, we also found that the head latency relative to saccade onset was significantly shorter for congruent than that for incongruent cues. This suggests an effect of attention on the head separate from that on the eyes. I N T R O D U C T I O NUnder natural, head-unrestrained viewing conditions, saccades are typically composed of a combination of eye and head movements resulting in an overall gaze shift. The role of attention in saccadic eye movements has been studied extensively in head-restrained conditions. It has been established that saccade execution requires a shift of attention to the saccade goal (e.g., Deubel and Schneider 1996;Hoffman and Subramaniam 1995;Kowler et al. 1995;McPeek et al. 1999), indicating a close linkage between eye movements and attention. Such a linkage is also supported by a number of studies showing shared neural substrates for saccadic eye movement planning and attentional processing (e.g., Beauchamp et al.

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Activity of brain stem neurons during eye movements of alert monkeys.

Cited by 513 publications

References 0 publications

A neural model of how the brain represents and compares multi-digit numbers: spatial and categorical processes

A neural model of how the brain represents and compares multi-digit numbers: spatial and categorical processes

A neural model of the saccade generator in the reticular formation

Differential Influence of Attention on Gaze and Head Movements

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