Activity modulates neuronal proliferation in the developing olfactory epithelium

Mirich, Jennifer M.; Brunjes, Peter C.

doi:10.1016/s0165-3806(01)00101-8

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Constant exposure to the external environment leads to shortened ORN lifespans and enhanced ORN regeneration [Mirich and Brunjes, 2001]. Consequently, in the experimental condition of unilateral naris closure paired with contralateral naris patency, mature ORNs on the patent side are more vulnerable to the chemical and microbial insults visited upon them in the open nasal passage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Odorant Response Kinetics from Cultured Mouse Olfactory Epithelium at Different Ages in vitro

Viswaprakash¹,

Josephson²,

Dennis³

et al. 2010

Cells Tissues Organs

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Mammalian olfactory epithelium can withstand the external environment, undergo life-long regeneration, and respond to thousands of odorant stimuli, making it an attractive system for a variety of studies. Previously, we described a long-lived olfactory coculture of olfactory epithelium and bulb tissues and we present here the kinetic properties of that culture system. Neonatal mouse epithelial-bulbar explants were grown for periods as long as 121 days in vitro (DIV), nearly doubling the survival time of our previously longest lived cultures. Cultures at all ages responded to air-borne odorants. The youngest cultures (1–15 DIV) showed shorter half-rise and half-decay times than older cultures (21–121 DIV), and were more variable in their half-decay times. Zinc nanoparticles enhanced electro-olfactogram responses of both younger and older cultures and both groups were immunopositive for olfactory marker protein. The results show that our olfactory culture model can support mature, odorant-responsive olfactory receptor neurons that possess many of the response features of in situ olfactory receptor neurons.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Odorant Response Kinetics from Cultured Mouse Olfactory Epithelium at Different Ages in vitro

Viswaprakash¹,

Josephson²,

Dennis³

et al. 2010

Cells Tissues Organs

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“…The olfactory epithelium of vertebrates is one of the regions with the highest rates of neurogenesis, a balance existing between cell death and proliferation in the ORN population (Graziadei and Monti‐Graziadei, 1985; Crews and Hunter, ). Sensory deprivation causes a 40% reduction in neurogenesis in the ipsilateral olfactory mucosa (Farbman et al, ; Brunjes, ; Mirich and Brunjes, ). This is translated to a reduction in the number of ORNs (Stahl et al, ), which leads to a considerable reduction in the thickness of the olfactory epithelium ipsilateral to the deprivation side (Farbman et al, ; Cummings and Brunjes, ; Mirich and Brunjes, ).…”

Section: Olfactory Deprivation: the Pieces Of The Edges Are Fadedmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Olfactory System as a Puzzle: Playing With Its Pieces

Díaz

Gómez

Muñoz-Castañeda

et al. 2013

The Anatomical Record

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The mammalian olfactory bulb (OB) has all the features of a whole mammalian brain but in a more reduced space: neuronal lamination, sensory inputs, afferences, or efferences to other centers of the central nervous system, or a contribution of new neural elements. Therefore, it is widely considered as "a brain inside the brain." Although this rostral region has the same origin and general layering as the other cerebral cortices, some distinctive features make it very profitable in experimentation in neurobiology: the sensory inputs are driven directly on its surface, the main output can be accessed anatomically, and new elements appear in it throughout adult life. These three morphological characteristics have been manipulated to analyze further the response of the whole OB. The present review offers a general outlook into the consequences of such experimentation in the anatomy, connectivity and neurochemistry of the OB after (a) sensory deprivation, mainly by naris occlusion; (b) olfactory deinnervation by means of olfactory epithelium damage, olfactory nerve interruption, or even olfactory tract disruption; (c) the removal of the principal neurons of the OB; and (d) management of the arrival of newborn interneurons from the rostral migratory stream. These experiments were performed using surgical or chemical methods, but also by means of the analysis of genetic models, some of whose olfactory components are missing, colorless or mismatching within the wild-type scenario of odor processing. Anat Rec, 296:1383-1400, 2013. V C 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Key words: olfaction; olfactory bulb; neuronal lamination; nervous systemAbbreviations used: AON 5 accessory olfactory nucleus; BDNF 5 brain-derived neurotrophic factor; EGF 5 epidermal growth factor; FGF 5 fibroblast growth factor; LOT 5 lateral olfactory tract; MC 5 mitral cells; NCAM 5 neural cell adhesion molecule; OB 5 olfactory bulb; OMP 5 olfactory marker protein; ORN 5 olfactory receptor neuron; PCD 5 Purkinje cell degeneration; PSA-NCAM 5 polysialylated form of NCAM; RMS 5 rostral migratory stream; SVZ 5 subventricular zone; TGF 5 transforming growth factor.

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“…In the mouse, rat, and rabbit, UNO leads to a substantial decrease in the thickness of the respiratory and olfactory mucosa ipsilaterally ([10, 45, 46]; see Figure 1). In the rat, early UNO causes a decline in the rate of mitosis in the olfactory epithelium [45, 47], a condition that can be reversed in a matter of days by reopening the closed naris [48]. Despite the difference in mucosal thickness, the number of mature olfactory sensory neurons is apparently unaffected by nostril occlusion in the mouse and rat ([10, 45] but see [15, 49]) though there appears to be a decrease in the rabbit, an inconsistency which has been attributed to the lack of a nasopharyngeal canal in the latter species [6, 46].…”

Section: Basic Phenomenologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies of Olfactory System Neural Plasticity: The Contribution of the Unilateral Naris Occlusion Technique

Coppola

2012

Neural Plasticity

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Unilateral naris occlusion has long been the method of choice for effecting stimulus deprivation in studies of olfactory plasticity. A significant body of literature speaks to the myriad consequences of this manipulation on the ipsilateral olfactory pathway. Early experiments emphasized naris occlusion's deleterious and age-critical effects. More recent studies have focused on life-long vulnerability, particularly on neurogenesis, and compensatory responses to deprivation. Despite the abundance of empirical data, a theoretical framework in which to understand the many sequelae of naris occlusion on olfaction has been elusive. This paper focuses on recent data, new theories, and underappreciated caveats related to the use of this technique in studies of olfactory plasticity.

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Activity modulates neuronal proliferation in the developing olfactory epithelium

Cited by 19 publications

References 30 publications

Odorant Response Kinetics from Cultured Mouse Olfactory Epithelium at Different Ages in vitro

Odorant Response Kinetics from Cultured Mouse Olfactory Epithelium at Different Ages in vitro

The Olfactory System as a Puzzle: Playing With Its Pieces

Studies of Olfactory System Neural Plasticity: The Contribution of the Unilateral Naris Occlusion Technique

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