Activity in the parietal area during visuomotor learning with optical rotation

Inoue, Kentaro; Kawashima, Ryuta; Satoh, Kazunori; Kinomura, Shigeo; Goto, Ryoi; Sugiura, Motoaki; Ito, Masako; Fukuda, Hiroshi

doi:10.1097/00001756-199712220-00026

Cited by 72 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Finally, we obtained activation in the right posterior parietal cortex, as previously shown (Ghilardi et al 2000;Inoue et al 1997Inoue et al , 2000. Interestingly, of the 3 regions activated during the ROT task only the posterior parietal cortex showed a linear increase in activation from CONTROL to ROTalt to ROT.…”

Section: Learning a Rotated Reference Framesupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Similarly, the presence of 2 phases of learning suggests differences in the fast and slow processing of directional and extent errors that might be paralleled by differences in brain activation over time. This possibility is supported by imaging studies that have shown modulation and shift in brain regions activated during the time course of motor learning (Inoue et al 1997;Sakai et al 1998). Such shifts have been proposed to reflect the transitions from learning simple stimulus-response associations to learning of sequences (Sakai et al 1999), from novelty to automaticity (Doyon et al 1996;Krebs et al 1998;Petersen et al 1998) or from working memory to consolidation (Shadmehr and Holcomb 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

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Differential Cortical and Subcortical Activations in Learning Rotations and Gains for Reaching: A PET Study

Krakauer

Ghilardi

Mentis

et al. 2004

Journal of Neurophysiology

236

196

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. Differential cortical and subcortical activations in learning rotations and gains for reaching: a PET study. J Neurophysiol 91: 924 -933, 2004. First published October 1, 2003 10.1152/jn.00675.2003. Previous studies suggest that horizontal reaching movements are planned vectorially with independent specification of direction and extent. The transformation from visual to hand-centered coordinates requires the learning of a task-specific reference frame and scaling factor. We studied learning of a novel reference frame by imposing a screencursor rotation and learning of a scaling factor by imposing a novel gain. Previous work demonstrates that rotation and gain learning have different time courses and patterns of generalization. Here we used PET to identify and compare brain areas activated during rotation and gain learning, with a baseline motor-execution task as the subtracted control. Previous work has shown that the time courses of rotation and gain adaptation have a short rapid phase followed by a longer slow phase. We therefore also sought to compare activations associated with the rapid and slower phases of adaptation. We isolated the rapid phase by alternating opposite values of the rotation or gain every 16 movements. The rapid phase of rotation adaptation activated the preSMA. More complete adaptation to the rotation activated right ventral premotor cortex, right posterior parietal cortex, and the left lateral cerebellum. The rapid phase of gain learning only activated subcortical structures: bilateral putamen and left cerebellum. More complete gain learning failed to show any significant activation. We conclude that the time course of rotation adaptation is paralleled by a frontoparietal shift in activated cortical regions. In contrast, early gain adaptation involves only subcortical structures, which we suggest reflects a more automatic process of contextual recalibration of a scaling factor.

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Section: Learning a Rotated Reference Framesupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Differential Cortical and Subcortical Activations in Learning Rotations and Gains for Reaching: A PET Study

Krakauer

Ghilardi

Mentis

et al. 2004

Journal of Neurophysiology

236

196

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Reduction in overall performance error was associated with reduced activity in the left parietal cortex and the right dentate nucleus. This finding is not unexpected considering other imaging studies that similarly showed parietal and cerebellar regions to be modulated over the course of adaptation (Clower et al 1996;Imamizu et al 2000;Inoue et al 1997Inoue et al , 2000Miall and Jenkinson 2005;Nezafat et al 2001). In particular, Nezafat et al (2001) noted an initial reduction in rCBF to the dentate over the course of the first two scan sessions as subjects adapted to a novel torque perturbation.…”

Section: Performance and Brain Activitysupporting

confidence: 74%

BOLD Coherence Reveals Segregated Functional Neural Interactions When Adapting to Distinct Torque Perturbations

Tunik

Schmitt²,

Grafton³

2007

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Tunik E, Schmitt PJ, Grafton ST. BOLD coherence reveals segregated functional neural interactions when adapting to distinct torque perturbations. J Neurophysiol 97: [2107][2108][2109][2110][2111][2112][2113][2114][2115][2116][2117][2118][2119][2120] 2007. First published January 3, 2007; doi:10.1152/jn.00405.2006. In the natural world, we experience and adapt to multiple extrinsic perturbations. This poses a challenge to neural circuits in discriminating between different context-appropriate responses. Using event-related fMRI, we characterized the neural dynamics involved in this process by randomly delivering a position-or velocity-dependent torque perturbation to subjects' arms during a target-capture task. Each perturbation was color-cued during movement preparation to provide contextual information. Although trajectories differed between perturbations, subjects significantly reduced error under both conditions. This was paralleled by reduced BOLD signal in the right dentate nucleus, the left sensorimotor cortex, and the left intraparietal sulcus. Trials included "NoGo" conditions to dissociate activity related to preparation from execution and adaptation. Subsequent analysis identified perturbationspecific neural processes underlying preparation ("NoGo") and adaptation ("Go") early and late into learning. Between-perturbation comparisons of BOLD magnitude revealed negligible differences for both preparation and adaptation trials. However, a network-level analysis of BOLD coherence revealed that by late learning, response preparation ("NoGo") was attributed to a relative focusing of coherence within cortical and basal ganglia networks in both perturbation conditions, demonstrating a common network interaction for establishing arbitrary visuomotor associations. Conversely, late-learning adaptation ("Go") was attributed to a focusing of BOLD coherence between a cortical-basal ganglia network in the viscous condition and between a cortical-cerebellar network in the positional condition. Our findings demonstrate that trial-to-trial acquisition of two distinct adaptive responses is attributed not to anatomically segregated regions, but to differential functional interactions within common sensorimotor circuits. I N T R O D U C T I O NEffective movement necessitates adaptation to perturbations to the sensorimotor system. Whether different neural circuits in the human brain underlie the nervous system's capability to flexibly adapt to various perturbations remains unknown. Although numerous imaging studies have investigated circuits involved in sensorimotor remapping, only a handful have addressed adaptation to torque perturbations. Early positron emission tomography (PET) studies of two-dimensional (2D) reaching under viscous resistance revealed a learning-dependent increase in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) to the left dorsolateral prefrontal (DLPFC) cortex and the bilateral putamen that, on retention testing, was reduced in the DLPFC but increased in the left posterior parietal, dorsal premotor, and right a...

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“…To our knowledge, no study has reported abnormalities in somatosensory function in females with Turner syndrome. However, previous studies have suggested that the postcentral gyrus is involved in other capacities, in addition to somatosensory function, including visuomotor learning and spatial working memory (Inoue et al 1997, Thomas et al 1999, Frutiger et al 2000. Furthermore, decreasing tissue volume was significantly correlated with lower IQ scores in the Turner syndrome group, suggesting that tissue loss in this area is associated with deficits in cognitive function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

A volumetric study of parietal lobe subregions in Turner syndrome

Brown

Kesler

Eliez

et al. 2004

Develop Med Child Neuro

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Turner syndrome, a genetic disorder that results from the complete or partial absence of an X chromosome in females, has been associated with specific impairment in visuospatial cognition. Previous studies have demonstrated a relationship between parietal lobe abnormalities and visuospatial deficits in Turner syndrome. We used high‐resolution magnetic resonance imaging to measure parietal lobe subdivisions in 14 participants with Turner syndrome (mean age 13 years 5 months, SD 5 years) and 14 age‐matched controls (mean age 13 years 5 months, SD 4 years 7 months) to localize neuroanatomical variations more closely. Scans were acquired and analyzed for 14 females with Turner syndrome. Analyses of variance were used to investigate differences in regional parietal lobes. Females with Turner syndrome showed a bilateral parietal lobe reduction, specifically in the superior parietal and postcentral gyri. Full‐scale IQ scores were significantly positively correlated with postcentral tissue volume in the Turner syndrome group. Structural differences in the parietal lobe are localized specifically to the anterior and superior parietal lobe and might be related to the visuospatial and visuomotor deficits associated with Turner syndrome.

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Activity in the parietal area during visuomotor learning with optical rotation

Cited by 72 publications

References 9 publications

Differential Cortical and Subcortical Activations in Learning Rotations and Gains for Reaching: A PET Study

Differential Cortical and Subcortical Activations in Learning Rotations and Gains for Reaching: A PET Study

BOLD Coherence Reveals Segregated Functional Neural Interactions When Adapting to Distinct Torque Perturbations

A volumetric study of parietal lobe subregions in Turner syndrome

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