Activity Guided Isolation of Phenolic Compositions from Anneslea fragrans Wall. and Their Cytoprotective Effect against Hydrogen Peroxide Induced Oxidative Stress in HepG2 Cells

Abstract

Anneslea fragrans Wall., commonly known as “Pangpo Tea”, is traditionally used as a folk medicine and healthy tea for the treatment of liver and intestine diseases. The aim of this study was to purify the antioxidative and cytoprotective polyphenols from A. fragrans leaves. After fractionation with polar and nonpolar organic solvents, the fractions of aqueous ethanol extract were evaluated for their total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid contents (TFC) and antioxidant activities (DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays). The n-butanol fraction (BF) showed the highest TPC and TFC with the strongest antioxidant activity. The bio-guided chromatography of BF led to the purification of six flavonoids (1–6) and one benzoquinolethanoid (7). The structures of these compounds were determined by NMR and MS techniques. Compound 6 had the strongest antioxidant capacity, which was followed by 5 and 2. The protective effect of the isolated compounds on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells revealed that the compounds 5 and 6 exhibited better protective effects by inhibiting ROS productions, having no significant difference with vitamin C (p > 0.05), whereas 6 showed the best anti-apoptosis activity. The results suggest that A. fragrans could serve as a valuable antioxidant phytochemical source for developing functional food and health nutraceutical products.

Confusoside from Anneslea fragrans Alleviates Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury in HepG2 via PI3K-CASP3 Signaling Pathway

“…The leaves of Anneslea fragrans , or “Pangpo Tea”, are traditionally used as an herbal tea for the treatment of liver and intestinal diseases [ 16 , 17 , 18 ]. They have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects [ 17 , 18 , 19 ]. Our studies found that CF is a major chemical compound in the leaves of A. fragrans , which may have beneficial antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects [ 17 , 18 , 19 ], but whether CF has a hepatoprotective effect in liver disease has not yet been explored.…”

“…They have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects [ 17 , 18 , 19 ]. Our studies found that CF is a major chemical compound in the leaves of A. fragrans , which may have beneficial antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects [ 17 , 18 , 19 ], but whether CF has a hepatoprotective effect in liver disease has not yet been explored. In this paper, we were the first to investigate the protective effect of CF against liver injury induced by excessive APAP.…”

Redox Active Molecules in Cancer Treatments

“…They present antioxidative or targeted oxidative effects of miscellaneous small-molecular-weight compounds or proteins against a variety of cancer types: An endogenous compound—melatonin [ 2 ]. Natural plant compounds (naringenin [ 3 ], papaverine [ 4 ], polyphenols isolated from Myrciaria trunciflora [ 5 ] or Anneslea fragrans [ 6 ], and seed-derived peptides [ 7 ]), natural compounds also found in animals (melatonin [ 2 , 8 ]), and peptides as well as proteins from Jellyfish venom [ 9 ]. Synthetic compounds, i.e., alkyl thiols [ 10 ], dimethyl sulfoxide [ 11 ], metformin and S63845 [ 12 ], the ruthenium complex [Ru(Phen) 3 ] 2+ [ 13 ], and copper-based compounds—Casiopeinas [ 14 ].…”

“…Natural plant compounds (naringenin [ 3 ], papaverine [ 4 ], polyphenols isolated from Myrciaria trunciflora [ 5 ] or Anneslea fragrans [ 6 ], and seed-derived peptides [ 7 ]), natural compounds also found in animals (melatonin [ 2 , 8 ]), and peptides as well as proteins from Jellyfish venom [ 9 ].…”

“…Some studies investigated the use of redox-active compounds to alleviate radiation-induced fibrosis, which is a side-effect of radiotherapy [ 16 ], or to detect oxygen in vitro and in vivo [ 13 ]. Most studies examined the effect of the tested compounds on cancer cell viability/proliferation assays [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 , 11 , 12 ] and/or analyses of reactive oxygen species concentrations [ 2 , 3 , 6 , 11 , 15 , 16 ]. Some other studies used in vitro assays such as cell cycle analyses [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 9 ], DNA fragmentation assays [ 3 , 9 ], analyses of the expression of apoptosis-related proteins and/or genes [ 9 , 11 , 12 ], etc.…”