Activity-guided isolation of antioxidant xanthones from Swertia chirayita (Roxb.) H. Karsten (Gentianaceae)

Abstract

An activity-guided isolation and purification process was used to identify the DPPH (l,l-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical-scavenging components of Swertia chirayita. A dry, whole plant of S. chirayita was extracted with different solvents and tested for its DPPH radical-scavenging activity. The acetone : water (8 : 2) extract showed the highest total phenolic content (TPC) and DPPH radical-scavenging activity, which was column chromatographed to obtain decussatin, swertianin, bellidifolin, isobellidifolin, amarogentin, swertianolin and mangiferin as active components. Good correlation was observed between TPC and DPPH scavenging activity among the extracts. The unique structure of xanthones, including the catecholic moiety and the completely conjugated system, enables them to be promising antioxidants.

Phytochemical composition, antioxidant activity and HPLC profiles of Swertia species from Western Ghats

“…All the extracts showed variation in phenolic and flavonoid contents in all species with respect to polarity, which suggests that a diverse group of phenolic and flavonoid compounds is present in the studied species. Acetone (75%) has shown a better phenolic, flavonoid and antioxidant activity than other solvents, similar to the observations reported by Singh et al (2012) in S. chirayita.…”

“…water. The total phenolics of S. chirayita using different solvents and different extraction techniques were studied by Phoboo et al (2010), Ghimire et al (2011), Chen et al (2011) and Singh et al (2012. All reviews of TPC show variation depending upon the extraction and solvent system used.…”

Determination of swertianolin in rat plasma by LC‐MS/MS and its application to a pharmacokinetic study

“…japonica and S . punctata (Sakamoto et al ., ; Li et al ., ; Singh et al ., ; Menkovic et al ., ). Swertianolin has been reported to possess hepatoprotective, anticholinesterase, antituberculosis, antioxidant, antiarrhythmic and antidiabetic effects (Brahmachari et al ., ; Li et al ., ; Urbain et al ., , ; Mukherjee et al ., ; Wani et al ., ; Wan et al ., ).…”

Determination and pharmacokinetic study of four xanthones in rat plasma after oral administration of Gentianella acuta extract by UHPLC–ESI–MS/MS

“…Studies have shown that the four xanthones exhibit good DPPH (1, 1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity (Singh et al, 2012). Both bellidifolin and swertianolin exhibit significantly hepatoprotective effect (Zheng et al, 2014;.…”