Activity-based anorexia is associated with reduced hippocampal cell proliferation in adolescent female rats

Barbarich-Marsteller, Nicole C.; Fornal, Casimir A.; Takase, Luiz Fernando; Bocarsly, Miriam E.; Arner, Candice N.; Walsh, B. Timothy; Hoebel, Bartley G.; Jacobs, Barry L.

doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2012.08.047

Cited by 35 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…However, the effect of anorexia on astrocyte density has been barely explored. Indeed, previous studies in the rat corpus callosum reported that cell proliferation was reduced with the ABA model, while astrocyte density was regionally reduced in the DIA model [1, 13]. The ABA study also reported a reduced hippocampal cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus [1].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…During puberty, mood swings, and anxiety are common due to a sudden rise of hormones which affects the hippocampus [11, 12, 22]. Moreover, in the activity-based anorexia model (ABA), structural and functional alterations have been observed in the hippocampus, accompanied by anxiety-like behavior [1, 11, 12, 23]. However, the effect of anorexia on astrocyte density has been barely explored.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by excessively restricted caloric intake that induces profound weight loss, osteoporosis, and amenorrhea [1]. The onset of anorexia nervosa is commonly observed during puberty and adolescence, with 90–95% of the cases occurring among females [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alterations in these cognitive functions have been reported in patients and in experimental models of anorexia. Murine models of anorexia such as dehydration-induced anorexia (DIA) or activity-based anorexia (ABA) mimic the characteristic weight loss and reduced food intake observed in anorexic patients [1, 2, 8–13]. The smaller hippocampal volume in anorexic patients may reflect structural changes at the cellular level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The smaller hippocampal volume in anorexic patients may reflect structural changes at the cellular level. In the ABA model, changes in the hippocampus included reduced cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus and decreased branching of dendrites in the stratum radiatum of CA1 [1, 11, 12]. Excessive physical activity alters food ingestion, which can result in nutrient and electrolyte imbalance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anorexia Reduces GFAP+ Cell Density in the Rat Hippocampus

et al. 2016

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Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder observed primarily in young women. The neurobiology of the disorder is unknown but recently magnetic resonance imaging showed a volume reduction of the hippocampus in anorexic patients. Dehydration-induced anorexia (DIA) is a murine model that mimics core features of this disorder, including severe weight loss due to voluntary reduction in food intake. The energy supply to the brain is mediated by astrocytes, but whether their density is compromised by anorexia is unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was to estimate GFAP+ cell density in the main regions of the hippocampus (CA1, CA2, CA3, and dentate gyrus) in the DIA model. Our results showed that GFAP+ cell density was significantly reduced (~20%) in all regions of the hippocampus, except in CA1. Interestingly, DIA significantly reduced the GFAP+ cells/nuclei ratio in CA2 (−23%) and dentate gyrus (−48%). The reduction of GFAP+ cell density was in agreement with a lower expression of GFAP protein. Additionally, anorexia increased the expression of the intermediate filaments vimentin and nestin. Accordingly, anorexia increased the number of reactive astrocytes in CA2 and dentate gyrus more than twofold. We conclude that anorexia reduces the hippocampal GFAP+ cell density and increases vimentin and nestin expression.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anorexia Reduces GFAP+ Cell Density in the Rat Hippocampus

et al. 2016

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Structural hippocampal alterations, perceived stress, and coping deficiencies in patients with anorexia nervosa

Burkert

Koschutnig

Ebner

et al. 2015

Intl J Eating Disorders

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Toward valid and reliable brain imaging results in eating disorders

Frank

Favaro

Marsh

et al. 2018

Intl J Eating Disorders

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Human brain imaging can help improve our understanding of mechanisms underlying brain function and how they drive behavior in health and disease. Such knowledge may eventually help us to devise better treatments for psychiatric disorders. However, the brain imaging literature in psychiatry and especially eating disorders has been inconsistent, and studies are often difficult to replicate. The extent or severity of extremes of eating and state of illness, which are often associated with differences in, for instance hormonal status, comorbidity, and medication use, commonly differ between studies and likely add to variation across study results. Those effects are in addition to the well-described problems arising from differences in task designs, data quality control procedures, image data preprocessing and analysis or statistical thresholds applied across studies. Which of those factors are most relevant to improve reproducibility is still a question for debate and further research. Here we propose guidelines for brain imaging research in eating disorders to acquire valid results that are more reliable and clinically useful.

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Activity-based anorexia is associated with reduced hippocampal cell proliferation in adolescent female rats

Cited by 35 publications

References 28 publications

Anorexia Reduces GFAP+ Cell Density in the Rat Hippocampus

Anorexia Reduces GFAP+ Cell Density in the Rat Hippocampus

Structural hippocampal alterations, perceived stress, and coping deficiencies in patients with anorexia nervosa

Toward valid and reliable brain imaging results in eating disorders

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