Activity and participation after spinal cord injury: State-of-the-art report

Ullrich, Philip M.; Spungen, Ann M.; Atkinson, Darryn A.; Bombardier, Charles H.; Chen, Yuying; Erosa, Norma A.; Groer, Shirley; Ottomanelli, Lisa; Tulsky, David S.

doi:10.1682/jrrd.2010.06.0108

Cited by 25 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…The database searches were conducted by the first author (MK) with retrieved studies then examined by both authors (MK, DD) in accordance with meta-analysis guidelines. 19 An examination of available reviews 4,5,10,11,18 in addition to the reference list of included studies was also undertaken by the first author (MK) to identify any further articles that may have been missed in the initial database search. 19 …”

Section: Literature Search Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, the psychological measures utilised in the various studies are not necessarily standardised or validated with SCI groups, hence normative data are not available. 18 Second, studies have differed in relation to the interval between injury onset and employment data collection. This can affect the consistency of results, given that time since injury has been identified as a key individual difference having an impact on the dynamic psychological adjustment process following SCI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Psychological variables associated with employment following spinal cord injury: a meta-analysis

Kent

Dorstyn

2014

Spinal Cord

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Objectives: Spinal cord injury (SCI) research has highlighted links between psychological variables and employment outcome; however, there remains a need to consolidate the available heterogenous data. Methods: Meta-analytic techniques were used to examine and quantify differences in psychological functioning and employment status among adults with an acquired SCI. Fourteen observational studies (N ¼ 9, 868 participants) were identified from an electronic database search. Standardised mean difference scores between employed and unemployed groups were calculated using Cohen's d effect sizes. Additionally, 95% confidence intervals, fail-safe Ns, percentage overlap scores and heterogeneity statistics were used to determine the significance of d. Results: Moderate to large and positive weighted effects were noted across three broad psychological constructs: affective experience or feelings (d w ¼ 3.16), quality of life (d w ¼ 1.06) and life satisfaction (d w ¼ 0.70). However, the most compelling non-heterogeneous finding was associated with life satisfaction, a finding that was also not subject to publication bias. Inconsistent and weak associations between employment and individual measures of vocational attitude, self-efficacy, locus of control, adjustment and personality were also noted. Conclusion: Psychological factors and attributes are linked to employment post-SCI; however, the available data are limited in quantity. Longitudinal research is also needed to determine whether these variables can help to preserve employment over time.

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Section: Literature Search Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological variables associated with employment following spinal cord injury: a meta-analysis

Kent

Dorstyn

2014

Spinal Cord

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“…Such studies are important to ensure the appropriateness of outcome tool application. 3,17 For the SCI R esidual impairments resulting from spinal cord injury (SCI), along with environmental barriers such as stairs, negatively impact an individual's ability to move about in the home and environment and subsequently the ability to participate in some social and leisure activities. 1 Investigators and clinicians are urged to capture ways to measure these meaningful constructs: mobility, considered to fall under the domain of activity and participation of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), and environmental factors, which are external barriers or facilitators of function.…”

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confidence: 99%

Life Space Assessment in Spinal Cord Injury

Lanzino

Sander

Mansch

et al. 2016

Topics in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation

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Objectives: To examine the Life Space Assessment (LSA) in persons with spinal cord injury (SCI), exploring its psychometric properties, differences between persons with cervical versus thoracolumbar injuries, and cutoff score differentiating a restricted from an unrestricted life space. Method: We conducted a test-retest reliability study in a community setting involving 50 persons with SCI (25 injured above C7, 25 injured below T1). Data were collected in 2 phone interviews approximately 9 days apart using the LSA. Results: Mean LSA scores were 66 ± 25 (n = 50): 62 ± 23 for the cervical group, and 70 ± 25 for the thoracolumbar group. Scores were not significantly different between phone interviews [t (49) = 0.379, p = .706] or between groups [t (48) = -1.214, p = .231]. Test-retest reliability intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.876 (95% CI, 0.792-0.928). Spearman's rho correlations between the LSA and Reintegration to Normal Living Index total and subscores ranged from .509 to .538 (p < .001). LSA scores were normally distributed. The minimum detectable change was approximately 23 points. A cutoff score of 78.5 (sensitivity 76.9%, specificity 81.1%) differentiated between persons with a restricted from an unrestricted life space if equipment and personal assistance were not needed for mobility. If equipment was needed, the cutoff score was found to be 49 (sensitivity of 90%, specificity of 90%). Conclusions: The LSA is a reliable and valid measure of life space in persons with SCI and can be used to identify persons with a restricted life space who may be at increased risk of mobility disability.

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“…Although Crane et al [30] notice that in long-term period the mobility and abilities to move around in wheelchair improves naturally engaging and participating in daily life activities. Based on our results of Ullrich et al [31] conducted studies, we could suggest that during inpatient rehabilitation have purposefully been trained functional skills and after discharge at home environment naturally increases the need to move around in various locations, when naturally are improving the physical activity and capacity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Functioning and Physical Activity after Spinal Cord Injury.

Raistenskis¹,

Šidlauskienė²,

Adomavičienė³

2017

Occup Med Health Aff

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SummaryBackground: Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes medical disorders and loss of functions, independence and physical activity in daily and social life. Primary inpatient rehabilitation after SCI onset is more focused on improving the physical state, physical capacity or developing functional independence and mobility skills. In long-term periods the functioning and socialization processes of people with SCI are improving each year naturally engaging and participating in various areas of everyday life. Objectives:The functioning and physical activity of people with SCI in different period of life: during inpatient SCI rehabilitation, after discharge in the long-term context (1-24 years after SCI on set). Material and Methods:A total of 194 people with SCI were participated in the research during 2007-2015. The study was carried out during inpatient rehabilitation in the Centre of Rehabilitation, Physical and Sports Medicine and during independent life skills and recreation camps in the Landscape Therapy and Recreation Centre (Palanga). Functional problems were assessed by the Comprehensive ICF Core Set for SCI. Socio-demographic characteristics, physical activity in everyday life in different periods after SCI onset were collected by a brief form of the Life Situation Questionnaire-revised.Results: SCI more often experienced young men, up to 34 years of age unmarried and having special or higher education. Prevailed traumatic, in thoracic level and AIS A type SCI. People with SCI actively participated in labour market: during 1-5 years after SCI employed participants increased from 17.8% to 30.2% and in subsequence periods increased significantly to 35.8% (p<0.05). In different period prevailed jobs at home, works to order and shortterm jobs. The comprehensive inpatient rehabilitation statistically significant improved activities and participation skills, especially in solving problems, mobility and self-care, but physical activity in everyday life more increased in 1-5 years period: participants more spent time in a wheelchair, actively participated in sports and household chores, more often went outside of the house and went out to manage social matters or to entertain. Conclusion:During inpatient rehabilitation precisely solved problems, favourable social conditions, promoted physically active lifestyle, assurance of social support and state policy could ensures successful functioning and better physical activity in everyday life and community in long-term context of people with SCI.

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Activity and participation after spinal cord injury: State-of-the-art report

Cited by 25 publications

References 91 publications

Psychological variables associated with employment following spinal cord injury: a meta-analysis

Psychological variables associated with employment following spinal cord injury: a meta-analysis

Life Space Assessment in Spinal Cord Injury

Functioning and Physical Activity after Spinal Cord Injury.

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