Activity and isolated phytoestrogen of shrub palmetto fruits (Serenoa repens small), a new estrogenic plant

Elghamry, M. I.; Hänsel, Rudolf

doi:10.1007/bf01897901

Cited by 21 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The hexane extract of saw palmetto has been identified as the active ingredient with predominantly antiandrogenic activity and in vivo estrogenic activity demonstrated in rats. 80 Saw palmetto has also been shown to inhibit both dihydrotestosterone binding at the androgen receptors and 5-␣-reductase activity on testosterone, both being mechanisms thought to be influential in the management of benign prostatic hypertrophy. 81 In 2 double-blind trials both objective (eg, frequency of nocturia and urine flow rate) and subjective (eg, dysuria intensity and patient's self-rating) data indicated significant (PϽ.01) improvement when saw palmetto (320 mg/d) was compared with placebo.…”

Section: Saw Palmettomentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbal Medicinals

Miller¹

1998

Arch Intern Med

694

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Herbal medicinals are being used by an increasing number of patients who typically do not advise their clinicians of concomitant use. Known or potential drug-herb interactions exist and should be screened for. If used beyond 8 weeks, Echinacea could cause hepatotoxicity and therefore should not be used with other known hepatoxic drugs, such as anabolic steroids, amiodarone, methotrexate, and ketoconazole. However, Echinacea lacks the 1,2 saturated necrine ring associated with hepatoxicity of pyrrolizidine alkaloids. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may negate the usefulness of feverfew in the treatment of migraine headaches. Feverfew, garlic, Ginkgo, ginger, and ginseng may alter bleeding time and should not be used concomitantly with warfarin sodium. Additionally, ginseng may cause headache, tremulousness, and manic episodes in patients treated with phenelzine sulfate. Ginseng should also not be used with estrogens or corticosteroids because of possible additive effects. Since the mechanism of action of St John wort is uncertain, concomitant use with monoamine oxidase inhibitors and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors is ill advised. Valerian should not be used concomitantly with barbiturates because excessive sedation may occur. Kyushin, licorice, plantain, uzara root, hawthorn, and ginseng may interfere with either digoxin pharmacodynamically or with digoxin monitoring. Evening primrose oil and borage should not be used with anticonvulsants because they may lower the seizure threshold. Shankapulshpi, an Ayurvedic preparation, may decrease phenytoin levels as well as diminish drug efficacy. Kava when used with alprazolam has resulted in coma. Immunostimulants (eg, Echinacea and zinc) should not be given with immunosuppressants (eg, corticosteroids and cyclosporine). Tannic acids present in some herbs (eg, St John wort and saw palmetto) may inhibit the absorption of iron. Kelp as a source of iodine may interfere with thyroid replacement therapies. Licorice can offset the pharmacological effect of spironolactone. Numerous herbs (eg, karela and ginseng) may affect blood glucose levels and should not be used in patients with diabetes mellitus.

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Section: Saw Palmettomentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbal Medicinals

Miller¹

1998

Arch Intern Med

694

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“…Ethnomedically, saw palmetto is claimed to be useful as an estrogen 100 and for prostate inflammation, 101 and its effects on benign prostatic hyperplasia have been reviewed. 102 The estrogenic effects have been confirmed on a methanol extract, 103 whereas androgenic effects in castrated rats have been observed for a supercritical fluid extract. 104 This extract consisted mostly of fatty acids (93.5%) and 0.22% beta-sitosterol.…”

Section: S Repensmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…36 At 2.5 mg/animal, a methanolic extract of the fruits of S. repens had estrogenic activity in infant mice. 103 In no instance has the estrogenic activity been traced to an active compound or series of compounds.…”

Section: Biological Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…109 The sterol fraction has also shown cytotoxic activity against PC-3 and LNCaP cell lines. 109 Beta-sitosterol has been implicated as an active principle 100,103 through studies of uterine weight as a percentage of body weight in female mice, but this seems somewhat unlikely because the compound is ubiquitous in plants and is available in much higher levels from different plant sources. The whole plant extract showed significantly greater activity, 110 suggesting that other estrogenic principles are present.…”

Section: S Repensmentioning

confidence: 99%

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PC-SPES: A Brief Overview

Cordell

2002

Integr Cancer Ther

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PC-SPES is a botanically based dietary supplement that has been used by men following prostate cancer treatment to reduce prostate-specific antigen levels. It is a complex matrix comprising 8 herbs whose known chemistry and biology do not account for the observed clinical activity. Recent disclosures have forced the product to be withdrawn from the market. Aspects of previous scientific research on the product, including clinical information, are reviewed, and some suggestions are offered for the future scientific needs of this product. Some thoughts are also offered on what the recall of PC-SPES means for the future scientific directions of the dietary supplement industry.

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“…It is unclear whether drug-drug interactions between the herbal saw palmetto and the phosphodiesterase inhibitors were related to the patient's symptoms. Saw palmetto is known to have antiandrogenic and oestrogenic activity (18), which may be significant in this gentleman taking an erectile dysfunction medication.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%