Activity and distribution of attached bacteria in Chesapeake Bay

Griffith, P. C.; Shiah, Fuh‐Kwo; Gloersen, Kathryn; Ducklow, Hugh W.; Fletcher, Madilyn

doi:10.3354/meps108001

Cited by 57 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The increased C-transfer in to microbial biomass in our Protist treatment, where bacterial aggregation was more common, is consistent with evidence that bacteria in microcolonies or aggregates are more efficient in DOC-uptake and express a higher cell-specific production than free-living cells (Griffith et al 1994, Grossart et al 2003, 2007. This may reflect a general difference between diffusion-limitation of access to C-sources in free-living and aggregated cells (Guasto et al 2012).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Interspecific interactions drive chitin and cellulose degradation by aquatic microorganisms

Corno

Salka²,

Pohlmann³

et al. 2015

Aquat. Microb. Ecol.

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Complex biopolymers (BPs) such as chitin and cellulose provide the majority of organic carbon in aquatic ecosystems, but the mechanisms by which communities of bacteria in natural systems exploit them are unclear. Previous degradation experiments in artificial systems predominantly used microcosms containing a single bacterial species, neglecting effects of interspecific interactions. By constructing simplified aquatic microbial communities, we tested how the addition of other bacterial species, of a nanoflagellate protist capable of consuming bacteria, or of both, affect utilization of BPs. Surprisingly, total abundance of resident bacteria in mixed communities increased upon addition of the protist. Concomitantly, bacteria shifted from free-living to aggregated morphotypes that seemed to promote utilization of BPs. In our model system, these interactions significantly increased productivity in terms of overall bacterial numbers and carbon transfer efficiency. This indicates that interactions on microbial aggregates may be crucial for chitin and cellulose degradation. We therefore suggest that interspecific microbial interactions must be considered when attempting to model the turnover of the vast pool of complex biopolymers in aquatic ecosystems.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Interspecific interactions drive chitin and cellulose degradation by aquatic microorganisms

Corno

Salka²,

Pohlmann³

et al. 2015

Aquat. Microb. Ecol.

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“…Nevertheless, through the low abundance of aggregates the number of attached bacteria represented only 0.1 to 4.4% of the total number of bacteria in the surface water of the North Atlantic. In Antarctic regions of the Atlantic Ocean about 20% of bacteria were associated with particles (Delille 1993), and in Chesapeake Bay less than 10% were found on particles (Griffith et al 1994). On the basis of high I4C-glucose uptake a.nd low Q-thymidine incorporation, Kirchman (1983) concluded that bacteria on particles have a high metabolism but a low frequency of cell division.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial activities on Trichodesmium colonies

Nausch¹

1996

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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During a cruise from 20 May to 19 June 1994 in the tropical North Atlantic Ocean between 30 and 10°N and in the Caribbean Sea, heterotrophic bacterial activities on colonies of the filamentous cyanobacterium Tr~chodesrnium spp. were investigated. Thymidine incorporation rates between 0.011 and 0.045 pm01 h-' colony-' and leucine incorporation between 0.007 and 0 332 pm01 h-' colony-' were found. Turnover times of glucose varied between 31 and 267 d colony-' The hydrolysis rates (Hr) determined a t trace concentrations of substrates ranged between 0.88 and 16.92 %, h ' colony '' for phosphatase activities, between 0.01 and 0.87 ",l h-' c o l o n y 1 for a-glucosidase activities, between 0.03 and 1.24% h-' colony-' for P-glucosidase activities, between 0.02 and 0.58% h-' colony-' for P-glucos a m~n~d a s e activity, and between 0.40 and 7.60"1, h-' colony-' for leuclne peptidase activities, respectlvely. The quotient of glucose turnover and hydrolysis rate suggests that large quantltles of released matter were not taken up by adherent bacteria. Most likely this dissolved material diffuses into the surrounding water and is available for free living bacteria. Thymidine incorporation of free living bacteria in surrounding water ranged between 0.977 and 18.49 pm01 h-' I-' and for leucine incorporation between 21.44 and 127.67 pm01 h ' I-' The turnover time of glucose of free living bacteria was between 24 and 109 d . Since abundance of colonles was approxin~ately 7 colonies I ' , this indicates that the activity of free living bacteria was substantially higher than that of attached bacteria on Tr~chodesm~um colonies in the same volume of water

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“…Moreover, specific (per cell) activities (growth rates and ectoenzymatic activities) of particle-attached bacteria were significantly higher than those of free-living bacteria. Other studies have shown that bacteria inhabiting marine snow have cell-specific ectoenzymatic activities up to 3 orders of magnitude higher than bacteria in the surrounding water (Karner & Herndl 1992, Smith et al 1992, Griffith et al 1994, Martinez et al 1996. Delong et al (1993) found that particle-attached bacteria were phylogenetically distinct from free-living bacteria and were able to degrade a wide range of polymeric compounds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Major and comparable roles for free-living and attached bacteria in the degradation of Phaeocystis-derived organic matter in Belgian coastal waters of the North Sea

Becquevort¹,

Rousseau²,

Lancelot³

1998

Aquat. Microb. Ecol.

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Microbial degradation of Phaeocystls globosa colonies and their denved organic matter by free-living and attached bactena was investigated in Belg~an coastal waters dunng the s p n n g development of diatom-Phaeocystls colonies in 1994 Results obtained show concomitant evolution of hydrol y t~c ectoprotease and P-ectoglucosidase ectoenzymatic activities with respect to the phytoplankton bloom, suggesting that the low biodegradability of Phaeocystls colonies leading to transient accumulations of Phaeocystls-denved material in the coastal North Sea was not due to a lag phase required for the induction of P-ectoglucosidase Up to 66',) of total bacterial b~omass was found attached to particles larger than 10 pm While occurring always In low abundance compared to free-living bactena both the average specific biomass and growth rate of particle-attached bactena were very high, i e 60 fg C cell ' and 0 28 h-', respectively Similarly s p e c~f~c ectoen7ymatic activities of particle-attached bactena were on average about 5 times higher than those charactensing free-living bactena Budget calculations show a 53 % contnbution of Phaeocystls-attached bactena to the mineralisation of Phaeocyst~s-associated production, i e a 53 47 % role for attached and free-living bacteria, respectively KEY WORDS. Phaeocystls degradation . Free-living and particle-attached bacteria . Ectoenzymatic activity. Growth rate

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Activity and distribution of attached bacteria in Chesapeake Bay

Cited by 57 publications

References 17 publications

Interspecific interactions drive chitin and cellulose degradation by aquatic microorganisms

Interspecific interactions drive chitin and cellulose degradation by aquatic microorganisms

Microbial activities on Trichodesmium colonies

Major and comparable roles for free-living and attached bacteria in the degradation of Phaeocystis-derived organic matter in Belgian coastal waters of the North Sea

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