Active zone assembly and synaptic release

Kittel, Robert J.; Hallermann, Stefan; Thomsen, Stefan; Wichmann, Carolin; Sigrist, Stephan J.; Heckmann, Manfred

doi:10.1042/bst0340939

Cited by 26 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Each bouton contains several uniformly spaced active zones where presynaptic vesicles are docked and released (Kittel et al, 2006a). These active zones are associated with electron-dense cytomatrices called T-bars (Zhai and Bellen, 2004), which are readily marked by the presynaptic T-bar associated protein Bruchpilot (Brp), a homolog of mammalian active zone protein ELK/CAST (Kittel et al, 2006b).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type I bHLH Proteins Daughterless and Tcf4 Restrict Neurite Branching and Synapse Formation by Repressing Neurexin in Postmitotic Neurons

et al. 2016

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Proneural proteins of the class I/II basic Helix Loop Helix (bHLH) family are highly conserved transcription factors. Class I bHLH proteins are expressed in a broad number of tissues during development, while class II bHLH protein expression is more tissue restricted. Our understanding of the function of class I/II bHLH transcription factors in both invertebrate and vertebrate neurobiology is largely focused on their function as regulators of neurogenesis. Here, we show that the class I bHLH proteins Daughterless and Tcf4 are expressed in postmitotic neurons in Drosophila melanogaster and mice, respectively, where they function to restrict neurite branching and synapse formation. Our data indicates that Daughterless performs this function in part by restricting the expression of the cell adhesion molecule Neurexin. This suggests a role for these proteins outside of their established roles in neurogenesis.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type I bHLH Proteins Daughterless and Tcf4 Restrict Neurite Branching and Synapse Formation by Repressing Neurexin in Postmitotic Neurons

et al. 2016

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“…In fact, cry -null flies showed a reduction in BRP levels at night that was not found in mutants affecting vision ( norp A7 ) or the clock ( per 01 , tim 01 ). BRP is a prominent constituent of the T-bar, and shows homology in its N-terminus to the mammalian active zone proteins ELKS/CAST/ERC (Kittel et al, 2006; Wagh et al, 2006; Fouquet et al, 2009; Hida and Ohtsuka, 2010). In higher Diptera, the T-bar is an electron dense specialization of the presynaptic active zone, which is the site of neurotransmitter release (Wichmann and Sigrist, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryptochrome Is a Regulator of Synaptic Plasticity in the Visual System of Drosophila melanogaster

Damulewicz

Mazzotta

Sartori

et al. 2017

Front. Mol. Neurosci.

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Drosophila CRYPTOCHROME (CRY) is a blue light sensitive protein with a key role in circadian photoreception. A main feature of CRY is that light promotes an interaction with the circadian protein TIMELESS (TIM) resulting in their ubiquitination and degradation, a mechanism that contributes to the synchronization of the circadian clock to the environment. Moreover, CRY participates in non-circadian functions such as magnetoreception, modulation of neuronal firing, phototransduction and regulation of synaptic plasticity. In the present study we used co-immunoprecipitation, yeast 2 hybrid (Y2H) and in situ proximity ligation assay (PLA) to show that CRY can physically associate with the presynaptic protein BRUCHPILOT (BRP) and that CRY-BRP complexes are located mainly in the visual system. Additionally, we present evidence that light-activated CRY may decrease BRP levels in photoreceptor termini in the distal lamina, probably targeting BRP for degradation.

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“…DLG isoform-specific function was also tested by examining the structure and function of the NMJ in both dlgS97 and dlgA mutants. Active zones at the larval NMJ are composed of two structural elements, the T-bars, which regulate the efficiency or the synchrony of evoked neurotransmitter release (Kittel et al, 2006), and the presynaptic density (PRD), a region of the presynaptic membrane with increased electron density, exactly apposed to the postsynaptic density (PSD), and thought to be the site for synaptic vesicle fusion (Prokop, 2006) (Fig. 6 A, D).…”

Section: Dlga and Dlgs97 Are Differentially Used At Larval Nmjs In A mentioning

confidence: 99%

DLGS97/SAP97 Is Developmentally Upregulated and Is Required for Complex Adult Behaviors and Synapse Morphology and Function

Mendoza-Topaz¹,

Urra²,

Barría³

et al. 2008

J. Neurosci.

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The synaptic membrane-associated guanylate kinase (MAGUK) scaffolding protein family is thought to play key roles in synapse assembly and synaptic plasticity. Evidence supporting these roles in vivo is scarce, as a consequence of gene redundancy in mammals. The genome of Drosophila contains only one MAGUK gene, discs large (dlg), from which two major proteins originate: DLGA [PSD95 (postsynaptic density 95)-like] and DLGS97 [SAP97 (synapse-associated protein)-like]. These differ only by the inclusion in DLGS97 of an L27 domain, important for the formation of supramolecular assemblies. Known dlg mutations affect both forms and are lethal at larval stages attributable to tumoral overgrowth of epithelia. We generated independent null mutations for each, dlgA and dlgS97. These allowed unveiling of a shift in expression during the development of the nervous system: predominant expression of DLGA in the embryo, balanced expression of both during larval stages, and almost exclusive DLGS97 expression in the adult brain. Loss of embryonic DLGS97 does not alter the development of the nervous system. At larval stages, DLGA and DLGS97 fulfill both unique and partially redundant functions in the neuromuscular junction. Contrary to dlg and dlgA mutants, dlgS97 mutants are viable to adulthood, but they exhibit marked alterations in complex behaviors such as phototaxis, circadian activity, and courtship, whereas simpler behaviors like locomotion and odor and light perception are spared. We propose that the increased repertoire of associations of a synaptic scaffold protein given by an additional domain of protein-protein interaction underlies its ability to integrate molecular networks required for complex functions in adult synapses.

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Active zone assembly and synaptic release

Cited by 26 publications

References 17 publications

Type I bHLH Proteins Daughterless and Tcf4 Restrict Neurite Branching and Synapse Formation by Repressing Neurexin in Postmitotic Neurons

Type I bHLH Proteins Daughterless and Tcf4 Restrict Neurite Branching and Synapse Formation by Repressing Neurexin in Postmitotic Neurons

Cryptochrome Is a Regulator of Synaptic Plasticity in the Visual System of Drosophila melanogaster

DLGS97/SAP97 Is Developmentally Upregulated and Is Required for Complex Adult Behaviors and Synapse Morphology and Function

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