Active vision and the identification of three-dimensional shape

Damme, W.J.M. van; Grind, W. A. van de

doi:10.1016/0042-6989(93)90151-l

Cited by 21 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…While early investigators employed a variety of surface shapes defined by binocular disparity and/or motion (e.g., Braunstein, 1966;Green, 1961;Julesz, 1971;Johansson, 1975;Ullman, 1979;Wallach & O'Connell, 1953), vision researchers did not actually measure human observers' ability to discriminate 3-D surface shape until the 1980s and 1990s (e.g., de Vries, Kappers, & Koenderink, 1993;Norman & Lappin, 1992;Norman, Lappin, & Zucker, 1991;Rogers & Graham, 1979;Sperling, Landy, Dosher, & Perkins, 1989;Uttal, Davis, Welke, & Kakarala, 1988;Van Damme & Van de Grind, 1993). Such psychophysical research into shape discrimination has continued to the present day (e.g., Norman, Beers, Holmin, & Boswell, 2010;Norman, Swindle, Jennings, Mullins, & Beers, 2009;Vreven, 2006).…”

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confidence: 99%

Aging and the discrimination of 3-D shape from motion and binocular disparity

Norman

Holmin

Beers

et al. 2012

Atten Percept Psychophys

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Two experiments evaluated the ability of younger and older adults to visually discriminate 3-D shape as a function of surface coherence. The coherence was manipulated by embedding the 3-D surfaces in volumetric noise (e.g., for a 55 % coherent surface, 55 % of the stimulus points fell on a 3-D surface, while 45 % of the points occupied random locations within the same volume of space). The 3-D surfaces were defined by static binocular disparity, dynamic binocular disparity, and motion. The results of both experiments demonstrated significant effects of age: Older adults required more coherence (tolerated volumetric noise less) for reliable shape discrimination than did younger adults. Motion-defined and static-binoculardisparity-defined surfaces resulted in similar coherence thresholds. However, performance for dynamic-binoculardisparity-defined surfaces was superior (i.e., the observers' surface coherence thresholds were lowest for these stimuli). The results of both experiments showed that younger and older adults possess considerable tolerance to the disrupting effects of volumetric noise; the observers could reliably discriminate 3-D surface shape even when 45 % of the stimulus points (or more) constituted noise.

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confidence: 99%

Aging and the discrimination of 3-D shape from motion and binocular disparity

Norman

Holmin

Beers

et al. 2012

Atten Percept Psychophys

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“…Performance increased only slightly with increasing curvedness. Furthermore, it was remarked 17 that the velocity of the subject did not seem to have a significant influence. In another experiment 19 subjects were shown two patches, and their task was to detect which one was the reference patch.…”

Section: Comparison With Psychophysical Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the fitted parameters we calculated the differential invariants and from there the estimates of the shape index Se, the velocity scaled curvature Fe, and the angle between direction of maximal curvature and the x axis, ate. In the experiment of van Damme and van de Grind, 17 the subject was shown many views of the object and was actively moving. Thus we can assume that the subject knows the direction of movement, and we take the correct direction of V 11 in our simulations.…”

Section: ' Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extraction of three-dimensional shape from optic flow: a geometric approach

1994

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We show how a scale-invariant measure of three-dimensional shape can be derived from the velocity field generated by a rigid curved surface patch under perspective projection. We use invariance under rotation of the image plane [the Lie group SO (2)] to decompose the second-order velocity field in differential invariants. From a combination of these invariants we construct an approximation of the absolute value of Koenderink's shape index [Image Vis. Comput. 10, 557 (1992)]. We show that the effect of these approximations on the shape index is small, especially under parallel projection. Furthermore, we provide an explanation for the psychophysical finding that elliptical shapes are more readily detected than parabolic or hyperbolic shapes. From the invariants we can also derive approximations of the principal directions, the curvedness, the slant, and the tilt.

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“…Conversely, head-motion parallax results when the observer's virtual position in the environment changes, revealing different parts of the object. This position can be controlled in a variety of ways, but the strongest effects occur when head position is tracked to automatically control view position [vanDamme94].…”

Section: Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opacity-modulating triangular textures for irregular surfaces

Rheingans¹

Proceedings of Seventh Annual IEEE Visualization '96

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Many scientific and medical visualization techniques produce irregular surfaces whose shape and structure need to be understood. Examples include tissue and tumor boundaries in medical imaging, molecular surfaces and force thresholds in chemical and pharmaceutical applications, and isosurfaces in a wide range of 3D domains. The 3D shape of such surfaces can be particularly difficult to interpret because of the unfamiliar, irregular shapes, the potential concavities and bulges, and the lack of parallel lines and right angles to provide perspective depth cues. Attempts to display multiple irregular surfaces by making some or all of them transparent further complicates the problem. Texture can provide valuable cues to aid in the interpretation of irregular surfaces. Opacity-modulating textures offer a mechanism for the display of multiple surfaces without the extreme loss of clarity of multiple transparent surfaces. This paper presents a method for creating simple repeating textures and mapping them onto irregular surfaces.

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Active vision and the identification of three-dimensional shape

Cited by 21 publications

References 17 publications

Aging and the discrimination of 3-D shape from motion and binocular disparity

Aging and the discrimination of 3-D shape from motion and binocular disparity

Extraction of three-dimensional shape from optic flow: a geometric approach

Opacity-modulating triangular textures for irregular surfaces

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