Active versus passive restoration: Recovery of cloud forest structure, diversity and soil condition in abandoned pastures

Trujillo-Miranda, Alma L.; Toledo‐Aceves, Tarin; López‐Barrera, Fabiola; Gerez‐Fernández, Patricia

doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2018.03.011

Cited by 57 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…1. Cattle pasture (degraded ecosystem; P): 80 ha of active pasture (~1 head/ha), which was cloud forest prior to transformation about 40 [13]. Canopy is closed with average height of 24.5 m (± 1.1).…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, with active restoration, 44% of the basal area present in the cloud forest was recovered, while with passive restoration only 26% was recovered. In addition, in the forest with passive restoration, there are canopy gaps with 12 times more cover of the invasive fern Pteridium arachnoideum, compared to the forest with active restoration [13]. P. arachnoideum creates a dense layer of vegetation on the ground and prevents the establishment of cloud forest tree species [59].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Faster recovery of vegetation structure (i.e. tree density, basal area, and canopy cover) has been reported for active restoration, but results for species composition have been inconclusive [8][9][10][11][12][13]. Differences in vegetation recovery between active vs. passive restoration may affect animals [8,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparing the success of active and passive restoration in a tropical cloud forest landscape: A multi-taxa fauna approach

et al. 2020

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Tropical forest restoration initiatives are becoming more frequent worldwide in an effort to mitigate biodiversity loss and ecosystems degradation. However, there is little consensus on whether an active or a passive restoration strategy is more successful for recovering biodiversity because few studies make adequate comparisons. Furthermore, studies on animal responses to restoration are scarce compared to those on plants, and those that assess faunal recovery often focus on a single taxon, limiting the generalization of results. We assessed the success of active (native mixed-species plantations) and passive (natural regeneration) tropical cloud forest restoration strategies based on the responses of three animal taxa: amphibians, ants, and dung beetles. We compared community attributes of these three taxa in a 23-year-old active restoration forest, a 23-year-old passive restoration forest, a cattle pasture, and a mature forest, with emphasis on forest-specialist species. We also evaluated the relationship between faunal recovery and environmental variables. For all taxa, we found that recovery of species richness and composition were similar in active and passive restoration sites. However, recovery of forest specialists was enhanced through active restoration. For both forests under restoration, similarity in species composition of all faunal groups was 60–70% with respect to the reference ecosystem due to a replacement of generalist species by forest-specialist species. The recovery of faunal communities was mainly associated with canopy and leaf litter covers. We recommend implementing active restoration using mixed plantations of native tree species and, whenever possible, selecting sites close to mature forest to accelerate the recovery of tropical cloud forest biodiversity. As active restoration is more expensive than passive restoration, both strategies might be used in a complementary manner at the landscape level to compensate for high implementation costs.

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Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparing the success of active and passive restoration in a tropical cloud forest landscape: A multi-taxa fauna approach

et al. 2020

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“…Their conclusions are based primarily on ecological metrics of abundance and species richness, and forest structure that take far less time to achieve restoration success than dissimilarity on specific composition, particularly for canopy trees due to their slow turnover time [12,13,85,86]. Otherwise, most of the research that considered community composition encourage active restoration in order to assist more complete and faster recovery of old-growth biodiversity [87,88], highlighting that differences are long lasting. But even highly disturbed forests could, with appropriate management, provide important opportunities for better conserving and using tropical forest [89].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beta-Diversity Modeling and Mapping with LiDAR and Multispectral Sensors in a Semi-Evergreen Tropical Forest

Ochoa-Franco

Valdez-Lazalde

Ángeles‐Pérez

et al. 2019

Forests

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Tree beta-diversity denotes the variation in species composition at stand level, it is a key indicator of forest degradation, and is conjointly required with alpha-diversity for management decision making but has seldom been considered. Our aim was to map it in a continuous way with remote sensing technologies over a tropical landscape with different disturbance histories. We extracted a floristic gradient of dissimilarity through a non-metric multidimensional scaling ordination based on the ecological importance value of each species, which showed sensitivity to different land use history through significant differences in the gradient scores between the disturbances. After finding strong correlations between the floristic gradient and the rapidEye multispectral textures and LiDAR-derived variables, it was linearly regressed against them; variable selection was performed by fitting mixed-effect models. The redEdge band mean, the Canopy Height Model, and the infrared band variance explained 68% of its spatial variability, each coefficient with a relative importance of 49%, 32.5%, and 18.5% respectively. Our results confirmed the synergic use of LiDAR and multispectral sensors to map tree beta-diversity at stand level. This approach can be used, combined with ground data, to detect effects (either negative or positive) of management practices or natural disturbances on tree species composition.

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“…The main reasons for this slow recovery are the high limitation of seed dispersal (Wijdeven and Kuzee 2000; Cubiña and Aide 2001), intense competition with pioneer species in particular annual grasses (Ortega-Pieck et al 2011), adverse microclimatic conditions prevailing in open areas due to excessive solar radiation and extreme temperatures and poor soil conditions due low soil fertility, soil compaction and erosion. These conditions are not favorable for the germination and establishment of incoming seeds(Bassett et al 2005;Trujillo-Miranda et al 2018).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Linkage between plant species diversity and soil-based functions along a post-agricultural succession is influenced by the vegetative forms

Heydari

Zeynali

Omidipour

et al. 2020

Environ Monit Assess

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There is a growing body of knowledge that ecosystem functions, in particular soil-based ecosystem functions, are related to biodiversity. However, how plant species diversity influences soil-based functions along post-agricultural secondary succession is still a largely ignored question in Mediterranean semi-arid conditions. Therefore, we used the plant functional group approach to investigate the relationships between plant species diversity indices and soil-based functions including microbial biomass carbon (MBC), basal respiration (BR) and carbon sequestration (CS) across three different stages of the vegetation succession corresponding to ~ five years after agricultural abandonment, ~ 15 years after abandonment, and oak forests which represent the terminal stage. We also tested if these relationships are supported by the niche complementarity and selection effect hypotheses. The results showed that soil-based functions significantly increased with time since abandonment as BR, MBC and CS increased respectively by 1.7, 1.5 and 2.7 times across the three successional stages. We also found strong correlations between the diversity indices and the soil-based functions BR, MBC and CS which were positive for richness (R 2 values: 0.75, 0.74 and 0.75) and Shannon diversity (R 2 values: 0.61, 0.58 and 0.61) but negative for evenness (R 2 values: 0.38, 0.38 and 0.36 for, respectively). Similarly, richness and Shannon diversity of the different plant functional groups positively correlated with soil-based functions. However, contrasted results were found for evenness which positively correlated with soil-based functions for perennial grass only. We suggested that increasing the diversity of plant species and facilitating dominant species would be needed to improve the soil-based ecosystem functions after abandonment of degraded soils. This study also revealed that the mechanisms behind the relationships between biodiversity and ecosystems functions were influenced by the vegetative forms. Keywords Carbon sequestration. Cropland abandonment. Land use change. Richness. Semiarid forest Highlights  Species diversity and soil-based functions improve along the successional stages after land abandonment  The relationships between plant diversity and soil-based functions are influenced by the plant functional groups..  Niche complementarity plays a more vital role in soil-based ecosystem functions than the selection effect.

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Active versus passive restoration: Recovery of cloud forest structure, diversity and soil condition in abandoned pastures

Cited by 57 publications

References 44 publications

Comparing the success of active and passive restoration in a tropical cloud forest landscape: A multi-taxa fauna approach

Comparing the success of active and passive restoration in a tropical cloud forest landscape: A multi-taxa fauna approach

Beta-Diversity Modeling and Mapping with LiDAR and Multispectral Sensors in a Semi-Evergreen Tropical Forest

Linkage between plant species diversity and soil-based functions along a post-agricultural succession is influenced by the vegetative forms

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