The polarization states and gain of the signal and pump lights in an optical amplifier using stimulated Raman scattering in an optical fiber were investigated. Taking into account circular birefringence caused by fiber twist, a coupling equation for the signal and pump lights was obtained. It was assumed that the fiber had a circular core and was uniform in the longitudinal direction and that the field distribution of the dominant mode was Gaussian.
With the aid of numerical calculation of the coupling equation by the Runge‐Kutta method, the propagation properties of the polarization states and gains of the signal and pump lights were investigated. When the fiber was not twisted, the propagation property depended on the polarization state of incident light. However, except when the incident light was in a special polarization state, the signal light generally came close to linearly polarized light in the direction of the major axis of the elliptically polarized incident pump light.
The difference between the signal optical gains of linear and circular polarization was 3 dB at most. When the twist rate in a fiber was over 1 turn/m, the signal light polarization state was almost unchanged during propagation and the optical gain was stable for various polarization states of the incident pump light.