Active Surveillance and Genetic Characterization of Prevalent Velogenic Newcastle Disease and Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N8 Viruses Among Migratory Wild Birds in Southern Egypt During 2015–2018

Sultan, Serageldeen; Eldamarany, Nahla Mohamed Ibrahim; Abdelazeem, Mohmed Wael

doi:10.1007/s12560-022-09532-1

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…In Tanzania, the local poultry trade is unregulated with limited to no biosecurity along the market chain [47]. The absence of active NDV surveillance and biosecurity practices in the trade of local chickens poses a significant challenge for disease prevention and control strategies and may contribute to regular outbreaks of ND in the country [21,48]. Many studies have illustrated the potential role of unregulated poultry trade through LBMs on ND activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal Patterns and Risk Factors for Newcastle Disease Virus among Chickens in a Tanzania Live Bird Market

Tsaxra,

Gallardo,

Abolnik

et al. 2024

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases

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Village poultry plays a vital role in providing essential nutrition and income for rural communities in Africa. In this context, poultry are often traded through live bird markets (LBMs), which serve as central trading hubs where producers connect with traders and consumers, facilitating the flow of poultry products along the value chain. While they serve as important trading hubs, these markets create an environment where avian pathogens, like Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and avian influenza virus, can easily emerge and spread. Improving our understanding of the epidemiology of NDV in LBMs is important for assessing disease risks and identifying factors that contribute to its persistence. Local chickens at the Mawenzi LBM in Morogoro municipality were surveyed for NDV presence, its temporal and spatial distribution, and risk factors for NDV infection. Twenty-three percent of 659 local chickens sampled over a 1-year period were positive for NDV based on PCR. Increased odds of NDV infection were identified in chickens that had been in the market for 2 or more days prior to sampling and during the period extending from August through October. Four significant spatiotemporal clusters of NDV-positive chickens encompassing 13 villages were detected between August and October 2020, illustrating geographic hotspots of infection when NDV was most prevalent. Similar to the other LBMs, this market had enclosures with high densities of birds of mixed species, limited biosecurity, and the presence of birds with observable illness. Bird traders who source the chickens from the villages, described long transit times in mixed enclosures with limited sanitation practices and without consideration of sick birds or vaccination status prior to arriving at the LBM. This study highlights the need to invest in improvements to infrastructure and biosecurity for LBMs as well as training opportunities for increasing traders’ knowledge on hygiene and sanitation practices, animal welfare, and poultry biosecurity measures.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal Patterns and Risk Factors for Newcastle Disease Virus among Chickens in a Tanzania Live Bird Market

Tsaxra,

Gallardo,

Abolnik

et al. 2024

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases

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“…The serotypes, classes, and genotypes as well as the year of isolation and the source of isolation are indicated: wild birds (W), pigeons (Pi), and poultry (Ch). If the pathogenicity of the virus was established in the cited work, then it is indicated by color: red indicates pathogenic isolates and green indicates non-pathogenic isolates [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Outbreak of Newcastle Disease Virus in the Moscow Region in the Summer of 2022

Ртищев

Treshchalina

Shustova

et al. 2023

Veterinary Sciences

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In August 2022 on a backyard farm in the Moscow region of Russia, mortality was observed among chickens, and all 45 birds of a particular farm died or were slaughtered after the onset of symptoms within a few days. Paramyxovirus was isolated from the diseased birds. Based on the nucleotide sequences of the F and NP gene fragments, it was determined that the virus belonged to subgenotype VII.1 AAvV-1 class II. The cleavage site of the F gene 109SGGRRQKRFIG119 and T in 546 and 555 position of the NP gene were typical for the velogenic type. The genetically closest NDV isolates were found in Iran. The mean time of death of 10-day-old chicken embryos upon infection with the minimal infectious dose was 52 h, which is typical for the velogenic pathotype. The virus caused 100% death of six-week-old chickens during oral infection as well as 100% mortality of all contact chickens, including those located in remote cages, which proves the ability of the virus to spread not only by the fecal–oral route but also by the aerosol route. That demonstrates a high level of pathogenicity and contagiousness of the isolated strain for chicken. However, mice intranasally infected with high doses of the virus did not die.

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The global prevalence of highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N8) infection in birds: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Yang

Gong

et al. 2023

Microbial Pathogenesis

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Active Surveillance and Genetic Characterization of Prevalent Velogenic Newcastle Disease and Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N8 Viruses Among Migratory Wild Birds in Southern Egypt During 2015–2018

Cited by 3 publications

References 54 publications

Spatiotemporal Patterns and Risk Factors for Newcastle Disease Virus among Chickens in a Tanzania Live Bird Market

Spatiotemporal Patterns and Risk Factors for Newcastle Disease Virus among Chickens in a Tanzania Live Bird Market

An Outbreak of Newcastle Disease Virus in the Moscow Region in the Summer of 2022

The global prevalence of highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N8) infection in birds: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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