Active spatial filtering of laser beams

Szatmàri, S.; Bakonyi, Z.; Simon, Péter

doi:10.1016/s0030-4018(96)00542-1

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…For implementation, an annular input beam, introduced by the input filter with the intensity profile shown in Fig.17(a), is ideal, since it has an "Airy-like" intensity distribution in the Fourier-plane (see Fig. 17.b) whose modulation is known to generate a "Gaussian-like" output beam [143]. As long as no modulation occurs in the focal plane, the arrangement corresponding to Fig.…”

Section: Pulse Cleaning Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rewriting the rules governing high intensity interactions of light with matter

Borisov¹,

McCorkindale²,

Poopalasingam³

et al. 2016

Rep. Prog. Phys.

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The trajectory of discovery associated with the study of high-intensity nonlinear radiative interactions with matter and corresponding nonlinear modes of electromagnetic propagation through material that have been conducted over the last 50 years can be presented as a landscape in the intensity/quantum energy [I-ħω] plane. Based on an extensive series of experimental and theoretical findings, a universal zone of anomalous enhanced electromagnetic coupling, designated as the fundamental nonlinear domain, can be defined. Since the lower boundaries of this region for all atomic matter correspond to ħω ~ 10(3) eV and I ≈ 10(16) W cm(-2), it heralds a future dominated by x-ray and γ-ray studies of all phases of matter including nuclear states. The augmented strength of the interaction with materials can be generally expressed as an increase in the basic electromagnetic coupling constant in which the fine structure constant α → Z(2)α, where Z denotes the number of electrons participating in an ordered response to the driving field. Since radiative conditions strongly favoring the development of this enhanced electromagnetic coupling are readily produced in self-trapped plasma channels, the processes associated with the generation of nonlinear interactions with materials stand in natural alliance with the nonlinear mechanisms that induce confined propagation. An experimental example involving the Xe (4d(10)5s(2)5p(6)) supershell for which Z ≅ 18 that falls in the specified anomalous nonlinear domain is described. This yields an effective coupling constant of Z(2)α ≅ 2.4 > 1, a magnitude comparable to the strong interaction and a value rendering as useless conventional perturbative analyses founded on an expansion in powers of α. This enhancement can be quantitatively understood as a direct consequence of the dominant role played by coherently driven multiply-excited states in the dynamics of the coupling. It is also conclusively demonstrated by an abundance of data that the utterly peerless champion of the experimental campaign leading to the definition of the fundamental nonlinear domain was excimer laser technology. The basis of this unique role was the ability to satisfy simultaneously a triplet (ω, I, P) of conditions stating the minimal values of the frequency ω, intensity I, and the power P necessary to enable the key physical processes to be experimentally observed and controllably combined. The historical confluence of these developments creates a solid foundation for the prediction of future advances in the fundamental understanding of ultra-high power density states of matter. The atomic findings graciously generalize to the composition of a nuclear stanza expressing the accessibility of the nuclear domain. With this basis serving as the launch platform, a cadenza of three grand challenge problems representing both new materials and new interactions is presented for future solution; they are (1) the performance of an experimental probe of the properties of the vacuum state associated with the dark ener...

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Section: Pulse Cleaning Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rewriting the rules governing high intensity interactions of light with matter

Borisov¹,

McCorkindale²,

Poopalasingam³

et al. 2016

Rep. Prog. Phys.

Self Cite

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“…For such purpose an annular input beam (Figure 1a) seems ideal having an "Airy-like" intensity distribution in the Fourierplane (Figure 1b) whose nonlinear modulation has already been proven to generate a "Gaussian-like" output beam [3]. Then, in a newly suggested arrangement, the plasma mirror is situated in the center of a confocal telescope surrounded by a conjugated beam-block filter pair similar to the arrangement in Fig.…”

Section: Description Of the Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using a novel way for frequency doubling -called active spatial filtering [3] -not only the inherent temporal cleaning of the intensity dependent nonlinearity occurs, but also efficient spatial filtering can be realized. This leads to a double wavelength system where the temporal and spatial contrast are reset in the "middle" of the system, resulting in output pulses of excellent spatial and temporal quality for medium output power.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of the spatial and temporal contrast of short-pulse KrF laser beams

Szatmàri

Dajka

Barna

et al. 2013

EPJ Web of Conferences

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Abstract. Important figure of merit of high-intensity laser systems is the temporal and spatial quality of their pulses. Spatial filtering is a well known technique to improve the spatial quality by modulating the spatial components at the Fourier-plane, using a pinhole of appropriate size or recently by a nonlinear process. Modulation of the beam in the Fourier-plane allows however a simultaneous spatial and temporal filtering. By the use of a "conjugate" pinhole arrangement before and after the nonlinear spatial selector, intensity dependent transmission is obtained: the low intensity part is efficiently suppressed. Numerical calculations predict practical operation for both amplitude and phase modulation at the Fourier-plane. In the preferred latter case the experimental observations are in good agreement with the theory, demonstrating >40% throughput.

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“…This approach provides a great ability to precisely control the pulse parameters and, therefore, the characteristics of the system output. Moreover, the frequency converter, as a nonlinear optical device, can efficiently decouple the temporal noise of the long wavelength front end, and using a novel technique (called as active spatial filtering [17]), both the directional and spectral properties of the main pulse can efficiently be controlled [17,18]. The basic idea behind this method is that the frequency converter is positioned at the Fourier plane of the beam.…”

Section: Introduction 1comparison Of Solid-state and Excimer Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation of Intense and Temporally Clean Pulses—Contrast Issues of High-Brightness Excimer Systems

et al. 2022

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In high-brightness excimer systems, the direct amplification of short pulses allows temporal filters to be integral parts of the ultraviolet (UV) amplifier chain, where the only origin of the noise is the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE), generated by the amplifier(s) following the filter. The ASE, however, develops faster than the short main pulse; in this paper, the dynamic short- and long-pulse amplification properties of KrF, XeCl and XeF excimers are studied, with special emphasis on the temporal contrast. It was found that, beyond the saturation of amplification, the relaxation of the B state in KrF, together with the contribution of the absorption of the transiently populated X state in XeCl and XeF, are the main limitations for both the extraction efficiency and the contrast. For all excimers, the stimulated transition rates and the dependence of the achievable contrast on the level of saturation were derived. Local quantities were introduced to characterize the deterioration of the contrast for a unit gain length of KrF amplifiers. A KrF power amplifier of limited gain (G ≈ 3), following the newly introduced nonlinear Fourier filter, is capable of reaching contrast levels beyond the previously reported 1011–1012.

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Active spatial filtering of laser beams

Cited by 19 publications

References 12 publications

Rewriting the rules governing high intensity interactions of light with matter

Rewriting the rules governing high intensity interactions of light with matter

Improvement of the spatial and temporal contrast of short-pulse KrF laser beams

Generation of Intense and Temporally Clean Pulses—Contrast Issues of High-Brightness Excimer Systems

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