Active Simulation of Grounded Parallel-Type Immittance Functions Employing VDBAs and All Grounded Passive Components

Abstract

This communication proposes a grounded immittance function simulator that, depending on the proper choice of the passive components, can simulate parallel-type impedances of the R-L, R-C, and L-C forms. Only two grounded passive components and two voltage differencing buffered amplifiers (VDBAs) are used to implement the suggested circuit. All three simulated equivalent elements, namely Req, Leq, and Ceq, can be electronically adjusted through the VDBA's transconductance gain. The impact of the non-ideality of the VDBA device on the developed simulator is examined in detail. The voltage-mode bandpass filter has been implemented using the suggested active LC parallel impedance simulator to show that it performs as predicted. To prove the theory, the proposed circuit is simulated using the PSPICE tool. The findings of the experimental measures are also presented to demonstrate the circuit's feasibility.

Design of Mixed-Mode Analog PID Controller with CFOAs

“…Literature review reveals that the PID controller implementation includes a wide variety of designs based on the use of different active elements [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. In [4], voltage-feedback operational amplifiers (OAs) are extensively used to implement conventional voltage-mode (VM) PID controllers.…”

“…At the inputs of all DDCCs, the high input impedance and capability of arithmetic operations are not fully utilized. Some earlier works do not exhibit high-input and low-output impedances for VM [14,15], or low-input and high-output impedances for CM [16]. In addition, all of the proposed PID controllers in [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] are capable of operating in either VM or CM.…”

“…Some earlier works do not exhibit high-input and low-output impedances for VM [14,15], or low-input and high-output impedances for CM [16]. In addition, all of the proposed PID controllers in [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] are capable of operating in either VM or CM. In real-world process control applications, mixed-signal processing PID controllers are required to interact between CM and VM circuits.…”

Single current follower differential input transconductance amplifier based grounded lossy capacitance multiplier with large multiplication factor

“…A lossy capacitance multiplier circuit based on a single VDTA and one capacitor was reported in Moonmuang et al 35 In this circuit, electronic control of capacitance is not possible, but resistance can be adjusted electronically. Another circuit, proposed in Mongkolwai et al, 36 utilizes two VDBAs and two impedances in a parallel configuration for lossy capacitance multiplication. However, electronic control of capacitance is not possible in this circuit as well.…”

“…These circuits can be categorized as lossless/lossy and/or grounded/floating capacitance multiplier circuits and are used in the design of analog filters and oscillators. Many lossless CM circuits 1,[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] and a few lossy capacitance multiplier circuits [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] employing different ABBs have been reported in literature. As the present work focusses on lossy capacitance multipliers, in the following, we provide a detailed description of previously reported lossy CM circuits to put the proposed work in proper perspective.…”