Active Sensor for Microwave Tissue Imaging with Bias-Switched Arrays

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

et al. 2019

In this article, an improved method is introduced for enhancing the gain and directivity of a modified antipodal Vivaldi antenna, which is suitable for detecting malignant cells in the breast through microwave imaging. By slotting on the fins of the antenna with the addition of parasitic elliptical patch makes the antenna radiation more directive with more gain at the lower band range. The operating fractional bandwidth of this proposed Vivaldi antenna is 120% (2.50‐11 GHz) with compact dimension and directive radiation pattern with 7.20 dBi highest gain. The antenna time‐domain performance and the near‐field directivity (NFD) are also observed. Effective microwave breast phantom imaging system with an array of 16 antipodal antennas is designed where one antenna works as a transmitter and rest of the antenna works as a receiver in turn. The imaging performance is investigated with tumor inside the breast phantom using the Microwave Radar‐Based Imaging Toolbox open source software. Detection of tumor tissue inside breast phantom has been identified by analyzing the modified antipodal Vivaldi antennas' backscattered signal.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 16‐modified antipodal Vivaldi antenna array for microwave‐based breast tumor imaging applications

Samsuzzaman

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

et al. 2019

“…Therefore, there is a sensible necessity in developing new medical imaging modalities to address these issues. Electromagnetic imaging has been proposed in recent years as a promising technique that can provide two- or three-dimensional images, to identify a range of pathologies within a desired imaging domain [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. These systems primarily operate based on the fact that pathological processes, such as cancer, have different dielectric properties from healthy tissue [ 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Dimensional Electromagnetic Torso Scanner

Rezaeieh

Zamani

Bialkowski

et al. 2019

Sensors

A three-dimensional (3D) electromagnetic torso scanner system is presented. This system aims at providing a complimentary/auxiliary imaging modality to supplement conventional imaging devices, e.g., ultrasound, computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), for pathologies in the chest and upper abdomen such as pulmonary abscess, fatty liver disease and renal cancer. The system is comprised of an array of 14 resonance-based reflector (RBR) antennas that operate from 0.83 to 1.9 GHz and are located on a movable flange. The system is able to scan different regions of the chest and upper abdomen by mechanically moving the antenna array to different positions along the long axis of the thorax with an accuracy of about 1 mm at each step. To verify the capability of the system, a three-dimensional imaging algorithm is proposed. This algorithm utilizes a fast frequency-based microwave imaging method in conjunction with a slice interpolation technique to generate three-dimensional images. To validate the system, pulmonary abscess was simulated within an artificial torso phantom. This was achieved by injecting an arbitrary amount of fluid (e.g., 30 mL of water), into the lungs regions of the torso phantom. The system could reliably and reproducibly determine the location and volume of the embedded target.

“…Thus, the tumor, with higher dielectric constant than normal breast tissue, can be detected by analyzing the scattering signals from single or multiple illuminations [ 5 ]. Several types of antennas are developed for breast phantom measurements, such as the unit cell antenna [ 6 ], the cross-Vivaldi antenna [ 7 ], the compact metamaterials antenna [ 8 ], and the slot antenna [ 9 , 10 ]. In this case, the antipodal Vivaldi antenna can be a good candidate for its high directive radiation patterns, compact size and higher gain [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Homogeneous Breast Phantom Measurement System with an Improved Modified Microwave Imaging Antenna Sensor

Samsuzzaman

et al. 2018

Sensors

Microwave breast imaging has been reported as having the most potential to become an alternative or additional tool to the existing X-ray mammography technique for detecting breast tumors. Microwave antenna sensor performance plays a significant role in microwave imaging system applications because the image quality is mostly affected by the microwave antenna sensor array properties like the number of antenna sensors in the array and the size of the antenna sensors. In this paper, a new system for successful early detection of a breast tumor using a balanced slotted antipodal Vivaldi Antenna (BSAVA) sensor is presented. The designed antenna sensor has an overall dimension of 0.401λ × 0.401λ × 0.016λ at the first resonant frequency and operates between 3.01 to 11 GHz under 10 dB. The radiating fins are modified by etching three slots on both fins which increases the operating bandwidth, directionality of radiation pattern, gain and efficiency. The antenna sensor performance of both the frequency domain and time domain scenarios and high-fidelity factor with NFD is also investigated. The antenna sensor can send and receive short electromagnetic pulses in the near field with low loss, little distortion and highly directionality. A realistic homogenous breast phantom is fabricated, and a breast phantom measurement system is developed where a two antennas sensor is placed on the breast model rotated by a mechanical scanner. The tumor response was investigated by analyzing the backscattering signals and successful image construction proves that the proposed microwave antenna sensor can be a suitable candidate for a high-resolution microwave breast imaging system.