Active segmentation assessment of the tectonically active South Wagad Fault in Kachchh, Western Peninsular India

Kothyari, Girish Ch; Rastogi, B. K.; Morthekai, P.; Dumka, Rakesh K.; Kandregula, Raj Sunil

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2015.10.029

Cited by 71 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Further, based on trench investigation and optical chronology identified three earthquake events during last 7000 years [63]. The displaced fluvial sediment and optical chronology in the area suggested that the SWF reactivated during Middle to Late Holocene period i.e., between 3 ka and 1 ka [25]. Similarly other geomorphic studies suggest that the F4 reactivated during Middle Holocene around 4 ka [23].…”

Section: Combined Interpretation and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Dholavira) suggested that the ancient town was damaged by several major earthquakes between 2900BC and 1300BC [63,[77][78][79]. Presence of geomorphic and paleoseismic features within the WH, studied by previous workers are correlated with these historical earthquakes [23,25,63]. Further, based on trench investigation and optical chronology identified three earthquake events during last 7000 years [63].…”

Section: Combined Interpretation and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Geomorphologically the WH is divided into 3 units; (i) the upper planation surface (Mesozoic) with juvenile streams, (ii) the middle incised slopes with piedmont (Tertiary), and (iii) the low-lying areas representing Quaternary deposits [23,25]. The upper surface represents an early Quaternary erosional event, whereas the middle incised slopes with terraces were developed during late Quaternary [26].…”

Section: General Geomorphology and Seismicity Of Wagad Kachchhmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conventionally, quantitative displacement in a fault zone has been demonstrated by an offset of the river channel [25,44,45]. Usually, it has been widely observed that the maximum displacement occurred in the central part of the fault zone [46] and that the displacement decreases with increasing length.…”

Section: Relationship Between Fault Displacements and Drainage Offsetmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where D is the amount of stream offset along fault and L is upstream length of the displaced stream [47]. A relationship between long-term slip rate (S) along the lateral slip of a fault and offset ratio (a = D/L) has been roughly calculated as S (m/1000 years), i.e., 10 a [25,44,45].…”

Section: Relationship Between Fault Displacements and Drainage Offsetmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution of Drainage in Response to Brittle - Ductile Dynamics and Surface Processes in Kachchh Rift Basin, Western India

Kothyari¹,

Singh²,

Mishra³

et al. 2018

Tectonics - Problems of Regional Settings

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The eastern part of Kachchh Rift basin was reactivated after 2001 Bhuj earthquake of Mw 7.7 and continuous seismicity has been recorded since then. The northern part of Wagad upland also experienced moderate earthquakes Mw ≥ 5.7 in February 2006 and March 2007. These moderate to major Intraplate earthquakes provide a unique opportunity to study the effects and linkage between brittle-ductile dynamics, surface processes and drainage evolution. We presented a geomorphological analysis of the Wagad highland providing new constraints on the evolution of river network. The shallow to deeper nature of fault and their response to development of hydrological networks has been analyzed using seismic tomography. Based on surface drainage offset and seismic structures several E-W oriented faults controlling fluvial dynamics are identified. From seismic structures and drainage offset it is clear that the fluvial dynamics is controlled by shallower to deeper faults. The estimated attributes are well supported with seismic structures and focal mechanisms solutions. Based on fluvial offset and seismic structure analysis a new tectonic model has been proposed for WH. The tectonic model shows that the faults WH are well connected at deeper level and generated negative flower structures and significantly controlling surface fluvial dynamics.

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Section: Combined Interpretation and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Combined Interpretation and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: General Geomorphology and Seismicity Of Wagad Kachchhmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Relationship Between Fault Displacements and Drainage Offsetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Relationship Between Fault Displacements and Drainage Offsetmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Evolution of Drainage in Response to Brittle - Ductile Dynamics and Surface Processes in Kachchh Rift Basin, Western India

Kothyari¹,

Singh²,

Mishra³

et al. 2018

Tectonics - Problems of Regional Settings

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Evaluation of neotectonic variability along major Himalayan thrusts within the Kali River basin using geomorphic markers, Central Kumaun Himalaya, India

2019

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We have analysed the geomorphic signatures in aggregation with the geomorphic indices with respect to hinterland and foreland neotectonic variability across the major Himalayan thrust system along the Kali River valley of eastern Kumaun Himalaya. The valley floor morphology in the vicinity of the major thrust gave rise to the accommodation space for the aggradation of the recent fluvial sediments. For a longitudinal distance of 212 km between the South Tibet Detachment (STD)and Himalayan Frontal Thrust (HFT), the valley has preserved significant aggradational landforms. These landforms have been physically examined to explain the spatial and temporal variability in phases of aggradation/incision in response to the tectonic activity during the late Quaternary. Fossil valleys and associated epigenetic gorges, cut-and-fill terraces with thick alluvial cover, debris-flow terraces, bedrock strath terraces, and alluvial fan terraces are the significant aggradational landforms observed within the valley. They provide signatures of tectonic activity and past climatic records. We have analysed various geomorphic indices, namely, stream-gradient index (SL), steepness index (Ks), hypsometric curve and index (HI), and asymmetric factor (AF) to map the spatial variability in tectonic processes across the major thrusts. The channel morphology (depth and width) of a river becomes adjusted in geological time because of long-term tectonic and erosional processes. However, the channel geometry and deviations can be highly adjustable in a tectonically disturbed mountainous region. The deviations along the river course can be attributed to active tectonic movement along thrusts/faults or because of erosion/sedimentation processes. We applied a novel method called the river Gradient Length Anomaly (GLA) for 37 subbasins of the Kali River to deduce active deformation (uplift/subsidence) corresponding to the increased sedimentation and erosional rates, both from the upstream and downstream parts of the thrusted blocks, from where river flows through. The results of basin-wise morphometric indices were corroborated with GLA anomaly and field observations, which suggests that the area has undergone active deformation between the Main Central Thrust (MCT) and Himalayan Frontal Thrust (HFT), which is attributed to the regional compression. The results of geomorphic and morphometric data are validated with the focal mechanisms of moderate earthquakes. The geomorphic analysis suggests that the hinterland part of eastern Kumaun is more active than the foreland region.

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Evidences of neotectonic activity along Goriganga River, Higher Central Kumaun Himalaya, India

et al. 2020

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This paper focuses on the analysis of geomorphic landform development, particularly between the Trans Himadri Fault and the Main Central Thrust including Berinag Thrust and other major NNE–SSW and NW–SE striking faults/thrusts in the Higher Central Kumaun Himalaya. Digital analysis of remote sensing data, field investigations including drainage analysis, and development of landforms have been carried out to understand the morphotectonic evolution and, thereby, the neotectonics in this region. A number of morphometric indices [(stream length‐gradient index (SL), steepness index (ks), Chi (χ)] were computed together with knick point analysis. Offsetting of the major river and tributaries was observed along a NNW–SSE direction. Other tectonic landforms, including truncated saddles and disturbed terrace patterns, show that the area is presently undergoing active deformation. The valley floor morphology in the vicinity of the major thrusts provides evidence for aggradation of recent fluvial activity. Developments of various neotectonic features, such as starth terraces, off‐streams, truncated saddles, disrupted terraces, and palaeolake deposits, are evidences for recent tectonic activities associated with the major thrusts/faults. Cut‐and‐fill terraces with thick alluvial cover, debris‐flow terraces, and alluvial fan terraces are significant aggradational landforms observed within the valley that provide signatures of past climatic records. Our study reveals that the fluvially modified debris‐flow terraces were formed between 5 and 20 ka. We infer that the major phase of valley‐fill happened between 5 and 12 ka, whereas the youngest phase of aggradation may have responded to the Holocene tectonic activity that took place around 5–6 ka. The study is significant to understand the recent geomorphic development and tectonic deformation in the study area and may be helpful for future infrastructural development in the region.

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Active segmentation assessment of the tectonically active South Wagad Fault in Kachchh, Western Peninsular India

Cited by 71 publications

References 26 publications

Evolution of Drainage in Response to Brittle - Ductile Dynamics and Surface Processes in Kachchh Rift Basin, Western India

Evolution of Drainage in Response to Brittle - Ductile Dynamics and Surface Processes in Kachchh Rift Basin, Western India

Evaluation of neotectonic variability along major Himalayan thrusts within the Kali River basin using geomorphic markers, Central Kumaun Himalaya, India

Evidences of neotectonic activity along Goriganga River, Higher Central Kumaun Himalaya, India

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