Active Refrigerators Powered by Inertia

Hecht, Lukas; Mandal, Suvendu; Löwen, Hartmut; Liebchen, Benno

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.129.178001

Cited by 11 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…and eqn (12), we find an expression for the effective reorientation time in three dimensions, expressly…”

Section: Effective Diffusivitymentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Although it is not shown, this range of inertia exploration namely, S T = 0.1 until S T B 20 was made for almost all the figures shown thereafter. Therefore, the threedimensional correlation, eqn (12), can now be used to calculate ensemble averages. This is done in the next sections.…”

Section: Orientation Correlation Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Let us now solve eqn (3) for the case of an active particle moving at constant speed, U, along e(t). Thus, we substitute the now available orientation correlation, eqn (12), into eqn (3). After certain algebraic steps which are discussed in Appendix 2, we finally obtain the general formula for the long-time MSD namely…”

Section: Mean-square Displacementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mayer and Wittkowski 11 analyzed an asymmetric particle with inertia and derived its respective Langevin and Fokker–Planck equations. Hecht et al 12 introduced the idea of an inertial active refrigerator which uses inertia to reduce by two orders of magnitude its kinetic energy. Finally Vrugt et al 13 proposed a connection between the Schrodinger equation and active matter with inertia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Free and enclosed inertial active gas

Sandoval¹

2023

Soft Matter

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“…and eqn (12), we find an expression for the effective reorientation time in three dimensions, expressly…”

Section: Effective Diffusivitymentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Orientation Correlation Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mean-square Displacementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Free and enclosed inertial active gas

Sandoval¹

2023

Soft Matter

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“…To model such a generic inertial active particle not only the overdamped translational equation of motion but also the stochastic process describing the dynamics of the active velocity (or active force) itself needs to be modified. Again, this can be quite naturally achieved by a second extension of the ABP dynamics through including inertia on the rotational velocity [93][94][95][96][97][98]. Using this inertial ABP (or active Langevin) model, it has been found that the long-time dynamics are strongly affected by a nonzero moment of inertia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of active particles with translational and rotational inertia

Sprenger¹,

Caprini²,

Löwen³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Inertial effects affecting both the translational and rotational dynamics are inherent to a broad range of active systems at the macroscopic scale. Thus, there is a pivotal need for proper models in the framework of active matter to correctly reproduce experimental results, hopefully achieving theoretical insights. For this purpose, we propose an inertial version of the active Ornstein-Uhlenbeck particle (AOUP) model accounting for particle mass (translational inertia) as well as its moment of inertia (rotational inertia) and derive the full expression for its steady-state properties. The inertial AOUP dynamics introduced in this paper is designed to capture the basic features of the wellestablished inertial active Brownian particle (ABP) model, i.e., the persistence time of the active motion and the long-time diffusion coefficient. For a small or moderate rotational inertia, these two models predict similar dynamics at all timescales and, in general, our inertial AOUP model consistently yields the same trend upon changing the moment of inertia for various dynamical correlation functions.

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Motility-induced coexistence of a hot liquid and a cold gas

Hecht,

Dong,

Liebchen

2024

Nat Commun

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If two phases exist at the same time, such as a gas and a liquid, they have the same temperature. This fundamental law of equilibrium physics is known to apply even to many non-equilibrium systems. However, recently, there has been much attention in the finding that inertial self-propelled particles like Janus colloids in a plasma or microflyers could self-organize into a hot gas-like phase that coexists with a colder liquid-like phase. Here, we show that a kinetic temperature difference across coexisting phases can occur even in equilibrium systems when adding generic (overdamped) self-propelled particles. In particular, we consider mixtures of overdamped active and inertial passive Brownian particles and show that when they phase separate into a dense and a dilute phase, both phases have different kinetic temperatures. Surprisingly, we find that the dense phase (liquid) cannot only be colder but also hotter than the dilute phase (gas). This effect hinges on correlated motions where active particles collectively push and heat up passive ones primarily within the dense phase. Our results answer the fundamental question if a non-equilibrium gas can be colder than a coexisting liquid and create a route to equip matter with self-organized domains of different kinetic temperatures.

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Active Refrigerators Powered by Inertia

Cited by 11 publications

References 110 publications

Free and enclosed inertial active gas

Free and enclosed inertial active gas

Dynamics of active particles with translational and rotational inertia

Motility-induced coexistence of a hot liquid and a cold gas

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