Active pharmaceutical ingredients based on salicylate ionic liquids: insights into the evaluation of pharmaceutical profiles

Abstract

This work is based on the evaluation of the protein binding affinity, partition coefficients (with a biomimetic membrane) and surfactant properties of three pharmaceutically active ionic liquids based on the salicylate anion. Fluorescence spectroscopy was used for the evaluation of the binding of ionic liquids to human serum albumin and for the determination of critical micelle concentrations. Partition coefficients were determined using micelles of hexadecylphosphocholine and UV-Vis derivative spectroscopy. The results indicate that all the compounds bind strongly and spontaneously to human serum albumin and exhibit the ability to form micelles. The determined partition coefficients were up to 6 times higher than those of the starting materials, evidencing that the ionic liquid form has greater affinity for the lipid phase than the inorganic salt form of salicylate. Generally, the studied salicylate ionic liquids exhibit an interesting pharmaceutical profile presenting favorable properties regarding the incorporation of the compounds in antimicrobial pharmaceutical formulations. It was evidenced that the tested ionic liquids can exert direct effects on cell membranes as indicated by their surfactant properties and high ability to partition to hydrophobic environments.

Temperature‐Responsive Low Molecular Weight Ionic Liquid Based Gelator: An Approach to Fabricate an Anti‐Cancer Drug‐Loaded Hybrid Ionogel

“…[77] The surfactant active properties of these gelators further helps in developing the future technological development of drug formulations. [38]…”

“…[37] The anionic precursor of the CetPySal, sodium salicylate is a known nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and used in many pharmaceutical formulations. [38] Kaule et al uses CetPySal based coatings in the drug-coated balloons catheter as it shows high paclitaxel encapsulation efficiency with smooth surface and good aqueous solubility than the hyaluronic acid (body-own hydrogel), and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (the well-established pharmaceutical hydrogel). The in vitro study proves that CetPySal could be used as the efficient drug transfer vehicle with minimum loading characteristics.…”

Cytotoxic Activity of Salicylic Acid-Containing Drug Models with Ionic and Covalent Binding

“…21 Poorly soluble API may be transformed into readily soluble API-ILs. 2,22 Synthesis and activity of several drugs, such as ampicillin, 23,24 aspirin, 25 and salicylic acid, 26 in the IL form have been investigated. Particularly, ampicillin ILs demonstrated dramatically higher antibiotic activity than conventional sodium ampicillin.…”

Effect of 1-Octyl-3-Methylimidazolium Salicylate as an Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API-IL) on the Thermodynamic Behavior of Aqueous Glycine Solutions at T= 298.15 K

“…For example, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium ibuprofenate and salicylate are proposed as new gels for drug delivery. 8,9 Thermophysical studies of the mixtures containing pharmaceutically active ionic liquid form and biomolecules such as proteins can provide useful information in regard with the interactions occurring in these systems and also able us to design and improve the biotechnological processes. [10][11][12] The scope of this work is to study the interactions of amino acids as units of proteins and API-ILs.…”