Active Oxygen Scavenging Activity of DDMP (2,3-Dihydro-2,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4<i>H</i>-pyran-4-one) Saponin in Soybean Seed

Yoshiki, Yumiko; Okubo, Kimihiro

doi:10.1271/bbb.59.1556

Cited by 88 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Cholesterol and rice bran oil (998) ; cholesterol absorption and aortic fatty streaks (348,358) ; lipid metabolism (999) ; autonomic nervous unbalance and menopausal troubles (climacteric disturbance) (999,1000) ; anti-ulcerogenic (1001) ; antioxidant (357,360,1002) ; gene expression and oxidative stress (1003) ; glycaemia control (1004,1005) ; platelet aggregation (1006) ; anxiety and stress ulcer (1001,1007 -1009) Avenanthramides: Anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic (368) ; smooth muscle cell proliferation and NO production (1010,1011) ; antioxidant (140,367,369) Saponins (370,1012,1013) : Hypercholesterolaemia (173,374,377,1014) ; lipase activity and fat absorption (1015) ; transcriptional activity of Cu,Zn-SOD gene (1016) ; scavenger and superoxides (1017) ; hypoglycaemia (1018,1019) ; gastric emptying rate and glucose transport across the brush border of the small intestine (1018,1020) ; antifungal (374) ; anti-viral (1021) ; diabetes (1022) ; anti-inflammatory (1019) ; anti-carcinogenic (374) ; tumour growth and cytostatic effect (1013,1023 -1027) ; bile acid binding (cited in Mimaki et al (1013) ); cell-mediated immune system and antibody production (375)…”

Section: Appendixmentioning

confidence: 99%

New hypotheses for the health-protective mechanisms of whole-grain cereals: what is beyond fibre?

2010

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Epidemiological studies have clearly shown that whole-grain cereals can protect against obesity, diabetes, CVD and cancers. The specific effects of food structure (increased satiety, reduced transit time and glycaemic response), fibre (improved faecal bulking and satiety, viscosity and SCFA production, and/or reduced glycaemic response) and Mg (better glycaemic homeostasis through increased insulin secretion), together with the antioxidant and anti-carcinogenic properties of numerous bioactive compounds, especially those in the bran and germ (minerals, trace elements, vitamins, carotenoids, polyphenols and alkylresorcinols), are today well-recognised mechanisms in this protection. Recent findings, the exhaustive listing of bioactive compounds found in whole-grain wheat, their content in whole-grain, bran and germ fractions and their estimated bioavailability, have led to new hypotheses. The involvement of polyphenols in cell signalling and gene regulation, and of sulfur compounds, lignin and phytic acid should be considered in antioxidant protection. Whole-grain wheat is also a rich source of methyl donors and lipotropes (methionine, betaine, choline, inositol and folates) that may be involved in cardiovascular and/or hepatic protection, lipid metabolism and DNA methylation. Potential protective effects of bound phenolic acids within the colon, of the B-complex vitamins on the nervous system and mental health, of oligosaccharides as prebiotics, of compounds associated with skeleton health, and of other compounds such as a-linolenic acid, policosanol, melatonin, phytosterols and para-aminobenzoic acid also deserve to be studied in more depth. Finally, benefits of nutrigenomics to study complex physiological effects of the 'whole-grain package', and the most promising ways for improving the nutritional quality of cereal products are discussed. Whole-grain wheat: Bioactive compounds: Physiological mechanisms: Health IntroductionThere is growing evidence that whole-grain cereal products protect against the development of chronic diseases. The most important of these in terms of public health are obesity (1,2) , the metabolic syndrome (3,4) , type 2 diabetes (5,6) , CVD (7) and cancers (8 -12) . Whole-grain cereal consumption has also been shown to be protective against mortality, as was shown with inflammation-related death (i.e. noncardiovascular and non-cancer inflammatory diseases such as, for example, respiratory system diseases) (13) and with cancer and CVD (4,14,15) . These conclusions are supported by the effects of consuming refined cereal products (bread, pasta and rice), as these have been associated with an increased risk of digestive tract, pharynx, larynx and thyroid cancers in northern Italians (16) . However, an association between a lower risk of developing a chronic disease and a high whole-grain cereal consumption does not mean a direct causal relationship and provides no information about the physiological mechanisms involved.These metabolic diseases are related to our daily lifestyle, no...

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Section: Appendixmentioning

confidence: 99%

New hypotheses for the health-protective mechanisms of whole-grain cereals: what is beyond fibre?

2010

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“…Hawrylewicz et al (1995); b) Setchell and Cassidy (1999); c) Anderson and Garner (1997); d) Yoshiki and Okubo (1997); e) Albertazzi et al (1998); f) Messina and Barnes (1991); g) Rao and Sung (1995); h) Harada (1999); i) Yoshiki and Okubo (1995); j) Kinoshita et al (1993); and k) Kinoshita et al (1994).…”

Section: Peptide Fragmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in Research and Technology on Soybeans

Fukushima

2001

FSTR

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For a long time, it had been considered that soybean storage proteins play only a role as traditional nutrients and other soybean minor constituents such as isoflavones, saponins, trypsin inhibitors, phytic acid, lectin, etc., act as antinutrient factors. At present, however, these substances have all been recognized to have exciting roles in the prevention of heart disease, cancer, osteoporosis, etc. Besides these physiological effects, soybean storage proteins exhibit excellent functional properties physicochemically in food systems, such as gelation, binding, emulsification, fat and water absorption, etc. On the other hand, there are some substances having undesirable properties in soybeans, such as offflavors, allergens, etc. Recently, there was a great progress in the research of a molecular basis on these functionalities, off-flavors, and allergenicities. By applying these results for soybean breeding, the creation of the new cultivars or lines having more improved properties is in progress. Another highlight in soybean research is the success of the crystallization of ␤-conglycinin and glycinin and the subsequent complete determination of their three-dimensional molecular structures through X-ray crystallographic analysis. This paper overviews these recent investgations.

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“…In general, saponins are considered to contribute to defense responses in plants because of their antimicrobial, antivirus, and anti-insect activities, although direct evidence in support of this notion is limited (Osbourn, 1996;Papadopoulou et al, 1999;Kuzina et al, 2009). Saponins also are thought to function as antioxidants by scavenging active oxygen species during growth and development (Tsujino et al, 1994;Yoshiki and Okubo, 1995). In legume nodules, superoxide radicals are generated in redox processes, such as respiration in mitochondria and bacteroids, (A) Structural variation of sugar chains at the C-22 position in group A saponins.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Sg-1 Glycosyltransferase Locus Regulates Structural Diversity of Triterpenoid Saponins of Soybean

et al. 2012

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Triterpene saponins are a diverse group of biologically functional products in plants. Saponins usually are glycosylated, which gives rise to a wide diversity of structures and functions. In the group A saponins of soybean (Glycine max), differences in the terminal sugar species located on the C-22 sugar chain of an aglycone core, soyasapogenol A, were observed to be under genetic control. Further genetic analyses and mapping revealed that the structural diversity of glycosylation was determined by multiple alleles of a single locus, Sg-1, and led to identification of a UDP-sugar-dependent glycosyltransferase gene (Glyma07g38460). Although their sequences are highly similar and both glycosylate the nonacetylated saponin A0-ag, the Sg-1 a allele encodes the xylosyltransferase UGT73F4, whereas Sg-1 b encodes the glucosyltransferase UGT73F2. Homology models and site-directed mutagenesis analyses showed that Ser-138 in Sg-1 a and Gly-138 in Sg-1 b proteins are crucial residues for their respective sugar donor specificities. Transgenic complementation tests followed by recombinant enzyme assays in vitro demonstrated that sg-1 0 is a loss-of-function allele of Sg-1. Considering that the terminal sugar species in the group A saponins are responsible for the strong bitterness and astringent aftertastes of soybean seeds, our findings herein provide useful tools to improve commercial properties of soybean products.

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Active Oxygen Scavenging Activity of DDMP (2,3-Dihydro-2,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one) Saponin in Soybean Seed

Cited by 88 publications

References 8 publications

New hypotheses for the health-protective mechanisms of whole-grain cereals: what is beyond fibre?

New hypotheses for the health-protective mechanisms of whole-grain cereals: what is beyond fibre?

Recent Progress in Research and Technology on Soybeans

The Sg-1 Glycosyltransferase Locus Regulates Structural Diversity of Triterpenoid Saponins of Soybean

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