Active Oxidation and Fume Formation from Liquid SiMn

Kero, Ida; Tranell, Gabriella

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-48093-0_10

Cited by 4 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…During the oxidation and fuming from the liquid SiMn alloy surface, as previously hypothesized [8], two oxygen-competing mechanisms may be operative in parallel: a direct oxidation of Mn vapour and a two-step oxidation of silicon. Reactions involving species containing both Si and Mn may also occur from a thermodynamic perspective, with possible reactions listed below (DG o , valid from 0 to 2000°C): …”

Section: Simn Alloymentioning

confidence: 76%

“…3, the same as used in the study by Kero et al [8]. A standard grade SiMn alloy, composed of 68.03 wt% Mn, 17.58 wt% Si and 2 wt% C as well as minor and trace elements, and dry synthetic air with a gas flow rate of 3L/min were used for the investigation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The total mass flux calculated from the experimental data in this study and the prestudy [8] is shown in Fig. 4.…”

Section: Mass Fluxmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Preliminary work on the active oxidation of main elements Si and Mn from liquid SiMn alloy under an impinging air jet in the temperature range 1400-1600°C, has been undertaken by the current authors [8]. In addition, the minor/trace elements behaviour in fume from liquid SiMn alloy generated under the same impinging air jet in the temperature range of 1450-1700°C is recently published [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fume Formation from Oxidation of Liquid SiMn Alloy

Kero

Tranell

2017

Oxid Met

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Thermally generated fumes from the production of manganese ferroalloys are mostly composed of metallic oxides generated due to reaction between hightemperature molten metal and ambient oxygen in the air. In the current study, the fume characteristics (particle morphology, compositions and particle size distribution) from the exposure of a SiMn alloy under an impinging air jet, in the temperature range 1400-1700°C, were experimentally investigated. Combinations of manganese-and manganese/silicon oxide particles were found in the system, displaying both crystalline and amorphous structures. The governing generation mechanisms of fume from both a thermodynamic and a kinetic perspective are discussed.

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Section: Simn Alloymentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The total mass flux calculated from the experimental data in this study and the prestudy [8] is shown in Fig. 4.…”

Section: Mass Fluxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fume Formation from Oxidation of Liquid SiMn Alloy

Kero

Tranell

2017

Oxid Met

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“…110,114,115 This active oxidation fume generation mechanism has also been described by others. 63,[116][117][118] For ferromanganese (FeMn), the fume generation is dominated by the relatively high vapor pressure of Mn. The fume is mostly composed of metallic oxides, and as Mn is a transition metal, the PM may consist of different oxides.…”

Section: Airborne Particulate Matter (Pm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Airborne Emissions from Mn Ferroalloy Production

Kero

Eidem

et al. 2018

JOM

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Airborne emissions from metal production represent a health, safety, and environmental challenge to which more and more attention is being directed. Industries worldwide, as well as authorities and others, are resolute in their aim of limiting, reducing, and ultimately eliminating these emissions. Many lessons can be learned by sharing information between industrial branches, as many industries face similar challenges. Certain challenges are, however, highly branch specific. For the Mn ferroalloy industry, such examples include the types of dust generated in the primary processes and the management of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and mercury with respect to furnace design and operation. This article covers airborne emissions from manganese ferroalloy production, including greenhouse gases, nitrogen oxides (NO x), sulfurous gases, PAH, airborne particulate matter, and trace elements, including mercury and other heavy metals. The aim is to summarize current knowledge in a state-of-the-art overview intended to introduce fresh industry engineers and academic researchers to the technological aspects relevant to reduction of airborne emissions.

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Oxidation of Liquid Silicon in Air Atmospheres Containing Water Vapor

Jiang

Moosavi-Khoonsari

et al. 2019

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The oxidation of silicon (Si) has been extensively investigated over the past 50 years. Yet, an understanding of the mechanism and rate of liquid Si oxidation in atmospheres containing water vapor, is lacking. The effect of water vapor on the oxidation process is of particular importance in the industrial, metallurgical production and processing of liquid silicon, as a significant amount of silica fume is generated under such conditions. The generation of fume is due to the active oxidation of liquid metal in the tapping, refining, and casting stepsa major occupational health and safety challenge for the Si producers. In this work, the effect of water vapor in the atmosphere on the Si oxidation rate and fume characteristics was investigated experimentally at 1823 K in air–H2O atmospheres. Compared with oxidation in dry air, the rate of oxidation in wet air is higher, and increases to 3-fold compared to that of dry air with increasing water vapor content at 7 kPa, above which the alloy surface was passivated and the oxidation rate stable. To explain the experimental observations, Si oxidation reactions in wet atmosphere were modeled by FactSage 7.1 thermochemical software, by density functional theory (DFT) calculations, and by estimates of detailed reaction thermochemistry and kinetics using statistical thermodynamics and statistical mechanics methods. The increased rate of fuming was explained by the formation of Si–O–H species in the system and the more “sticky” nature of the H2O molecule on the Si surface as compared to the O2 molecule, yielding a higher degree of oxygen utilization toward active Si oxidation, that is, SiO formation.

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Active Oxidation and Fume Formation from Liquid SiMn

Cited by 4 publications

References 13 publications

Fume Formation from Oxidation of Liquid SiMn Alloy

Fume Formation from Oxidation of Liquid SiMn Alloy

Airborne Emissions from Mn Ferroalloy Production

Oxidation of Liquid Silicon in Air Atmospheres Containing Water Vapor

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