Active Older Adults Keep Aerobic Capacity and Experience Small Reductions in Body Strength During Confinement Due to COVID-19 Outbreak

Bohn, Lucimére; Barros, Duarte; Borges-Machado, Flávia; Carrapatoso, Susana; Pizarro, Andréia; Carvalho, Joana

doi:10.1123/japa.2020-0395

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Overall, these studies demonstrate the effectiveness of remote training intervention for older and at risk populations. They also corroborate the aims of the present study and especially the importance of staying active during situations of social isolation or when some other aspect prevents the performance of in-person exercise (e.g., physical frailty or functional impairments) [ 6 , 11 , 17 ]. Within this context, the present study seeks to take the understanding of remote exercise one step further by combining the established effectiveness of remote physical exercise with the inclusion of a remote cognitive exercise training portion as well, which remains poorly understood.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Effects of a remotely supervised physical training program combined with cognitive training for older individuals at increased risk of clinical-functional vulnerability: study protocol for a randomized clinical trial

Berní,

Kanitz,

Miranda

et al. 2023

Trials

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Background Despite the robust body of evidence for the benefits of home-based physical exercise, there is still a paucity of data on the benefits of home-based cognitive training for older adults, especially in those at increased risk of clinical-functional vulnerability. As such, the present study aims to compare the chronic effects of a telehealth-delivered physical training intervention alone or combined with a cognitive training program in older adults at increased clinical-functional vulnerability risk. Methods A randomized clinical trial will be conducted including 62 sedentary older individuals classified as at increased risk of clinical-functional vulnerability based on their Clinical-Functional Vulnerability Index score. Participants will be randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to one of two groups, an intervention group including physical training combined with cognitive training, or an active control group including physical training alone. Both groups will receive home-based supervised training remotely for 12 weeks and will be assessed for the primary and secondary outcomes of the study before and after the training period. Primary outcomes include cognitive function and dynamic balance with a dual task. Secondary outcomes encompass physical, cognitive, and occupational performance, functional capacity, quality of life, and anxiety and depression symptoms, as well as hemodynamic measures. Data analysis will be performed by intention-to-treat and per protocol using mixed linear models and Bonferroni’s post hoc (α = 0.05). Discussion Our conceptual hypothesis is that both groups will show improvements in the primary and secondary outcomes. Nevertheless, we expect physical combined with cognitive training to improve cognitive function, dual task, and occupational performance to a greater degree as compared to physical training alone. Trial registration NCT05309278. Registered on April 4, 2022.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Effects of a remotely supervised physical training program combined with cognitive training for older individuals at increased risk of clinical-functional vulnerability: study protocol for a randomized clinical trial

Berní,

Kanitz,

Miranda

et al. 2023

Trials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, 11 of these studies had to be excluded from the meta-analysis due to not reporting (and authors not providing) relevant data for effect size estimation. The main reasons for exclusion were no longitudinal design (e.g., [ 46 , 47 ]), only within Covid-19 measures (e.g., [ 48 ]), or no measurement of PA (e.g., [ 49 ]). An overview of the entire selection process and the detailed exclusion is presented in Figure 1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Physical Activity Patterns Due to the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Wunsch

Kienberger

Niessner

2022

IJERPH

196

147

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With the outbreak of the Corona Virus Disease 19 (COVID-19) in late 2019, governments increasingly imposed containment strategies, including social distancing as well as restricted population movement, potentially having negative impacts on mental and physical health. A growing number of studies have examined the impact of the pandemic on different facets of physical activity (PA); an overview combining these (mixed) results, however, is missing. Thus, the objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate whether and to which extent PA changed from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic, taking age, gender, and measurement method into account. The literature search was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. Results of the main characteristics were descriptively synthesized and analyzed in a meta-analysis quantifying effects of the pandemic on PA divided by age groups, with additional subgroup analyses of the characteristics age, gender, and measurement method being narratively synthesized. Overall, 57 studies with a total sample size of 119,094 participants (N between 10 and 60,560 subjects) from 14 countries worldwide with participants aged between four and 93 years were included. Thirty-two studies revealed a significant decline in PA, whereas only five studies found a significant increase in PA during the COVID-19 pandemic. Fourteen studies revealed mixed results. Except for children and adolescents, PA decreased in all age groups, independent of gender. Most self-reported and all device-based measurement methods showed a reduction in PA. However, effects were not found to be significant in all age groups. Nevertheless, the declining trend should be noted and governments should strive to enable PA within periods of pandemic restrictions, or promote alternatives such as digital training to avoid negative health consequences within the population.

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“…Consequently, the physical demands of the elderly might have increased in their own homes. Findings of Bohn et al [27] support the theory of maintenance of physical performance in elders even with the decrease of external physical activities during the pandemic.…”

Section: Discussion/conclusionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Impact of Social Isolation on the Physical and Mental Health of Older Adults: A Follow-Up Study at the Apex of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Brazil

Bravalhieri

Rodrigues

Batiston

et al. 2022

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

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Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected people’s lives and caused changes in habits. The World Health Organization recommends social isolation as a way of minimizing the risk of contagion of the disease. Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the impact of social isolation due to COVID-19 pandemic on the physical and mental health of older adults and to investigate how anthropometric, functional, and clinical aspects are associated with this process. Methods: Fifty healthy older adults were followed-up during 5 months. The subjects had their physical and mental health assessed during social isolation (pre-vaccine situation) and after the opening of stores and activities in the municipality (post-vaccine situation). Physical evaluation was performed using the 30-s sit and stand test. Participants’ mental health was assessed with the Geriatric Depression Scale and the Loneliness Index. In this methodological design, muscle strength, depressive symptoms, and loneliness index were subject to pre-post analyses. In addition, these variables were included as outcomes in linear regression models. Participants’ anthropometric, functional, and clinical factors were included as predictors of the statistical model. Results: Participants’ scores at baseline were consistent with mild depressive symptoms and low loneliness. The muscle strength of the subjects was appropriate to their ages. After 5 months of social isolation, all variables declined, but with statistical significance only for depressive symptoms (p = 0.017, effect size of 0.11). Anthropometric, functional, and clinical factors explained 42.8% of depressive symptoms, 22.3% of loneliness, and 30.2% of muscle strength in the elderly. Discussion/Conclusion: Older adults presented baseline scores consistent with mild depressive symptoms and low loneliness. The muscular strength of the subjects was appropriate for their ages. After 5 months of social isolation, all variables declined. Anthropometric, functional, and clinical factors explained a substantial part of the depressive symptoms, loneliness, and muscular strength in the elderly. Health care professionals should be aware of performing a wide assessment in subjects’ lives to ensure better health status.

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Active Older Adults Keep Aerobic Capacity and Experience Small Reductions in Body Strength During Confinement Due to COVID-19 Outbreak

Cited by 6 publications

References 31 publications

Effects of a remotely supervised physical training program combined with cognitive training for older individuals at increased risk of clinical-functional vulnerability: study protocol for a randomized clinical trial

Effects of a remotely supervised physical training program combined with cognitive training for older individuals at increased risk of clinical-functional vulnerability: study protocol for a randomized clinical trial

Changes in Physical Activity Patterns Due to the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Impact of Social Isolation on the Physical and Mental Health of Older Adults: A Follow-Up Study at the Apex of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Brazil

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