Active mode power supply efficiency: key issues, measured data and the design competition opportunity

Calwell, Chris; Mansoor, Ahmed; Keefe, R.

doi:10.1109/apec.2004.1295829

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…A fixed power P CU,f is consumed by the E/O converter, and the SP fixed power is denoted by P SP,f . • In the RU and CU, the AC/DC power supply is characterized by its efficiency η AC/DC that describes how much actual power is delivered relative to the input power [15]. We consider instantaneous RU and CU switch-on and switchoff without any energy cost.…”

Section: Energy Consumption Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When the required total RB number gets close to the maximum available RB number (M RB ), the running time increases but remains acceptable: 0.5 s per simulation for J = 45 and 7.2 s for J = 50. Shadowing standard deviation 5.7 [11] In (15), only C2 can stop the solver from finding a solution. Thus, when the solver fails, the system is considered blocked.…”

Section: A Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Radio Resource Allocation in Low-to Medium-Load Regimes for Energy Minimization With C-RAN

Alhajj,

Huin,

Amis

et al. 2023

2023 26th International Symposium on Wireless Personal Multimedia Communications (WPMC)

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Radio resource allocation is critical in order to manage available bandwidth and optimize network behavior. In Centralized-Radio Access Networks (C-RAN), simple Radio Units (RUs) are deployed and can be controlled remotely to allow cooperation. In this paper, we consider micro-cell systems with low-to-medium load regimes. We study the resource allocation problem with minimization of the energy consumption due to radio transmission and signal processing. We propose to mix two transmission modes over a reference period allowing resource reuse: one with all RUs transmitting the same signal, the other with each RU transmitting a specific signal. We impose the same target rate for each user equipment (UE), the same transmit power for the RUs, and a maximum resource block (RB) number, which defines the constraints. The resulting optimization problem is formulated so as to be mixed integer linear programming (MILP). Simulations are run using CPLEX Python API and show the efficiency of the proposed scheme to increase the capacity while consuming the least energy. We also observe that the mode with all RUs simultaneously serving the same UE is more efficient (fewer RB and lower consumed energy) than the mode with a single RU activated at a time.

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Section: Energy Consumption Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radio Resource Allocation in Low-to Medium-Load Regimes for Energy Minimization With C-RAN

Alhajj,

Huin,

Amis

et al. 2023

2023 26th International Symposium on Wireless Personal Multimedia Communications (WPMC)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…At the board level, power supplies previously had various designations such as "silver," "gold," or "platinum," and there have been various industry initiatives for improvement [63], [64]. Wide ranges for high efficiency are more important than full-load efficiency [45], especially in redundant supply architectures in which the maximum output is 50% unless a failure occurs.…”

Section: E Board Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Data Center Challenges and Their Power Electronics

Krein

2017

CPSS TPEA

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Abstract-Data centers use more than 1.5% of all electricity in China and the U.S., with continuing growth. This paper reviews the power hierarchy levels within modern data centers. It considers energy consumption and power electronics challenges across all levels of a data center, including building distribution, dc architectures, and conversion down to the board level. Power electronics plays a central role throughout the hierarchy, and emerging approaches are described. Strategies that enhance center energy efficiency, both in terms of overall center operation and in terms of computation performance, are discussed.Index Terms-Data centers, dc distribution, dc-dc converters, server racks, power utilization factor, dc power architecture, digital power.

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“…Accordingly, power supplies are required to convert AC voltage to low DC voltage. According to the research by Ecos consulting, roughly 3 billion AC/DC power supplies are currently used in the United States alone and about 10 billion globally [1,2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research by Ecos Consulting shows that about 73% of the total energy passing through power supply occurs when the products are in active mode. This implies that there are more opportunities of energy saving in active mode [1,2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A hybrid control method to maximize efficiency for active mode efficiency regulation

Park¹,

Choi²

2007

INTELEC 07 - 29th International Telecommunications Energy Conference

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The impact on the environment, in regards to power supply energy efficiency, has attracted growing attention in the international community. This paper proposes a hybrid control method that combines the conventional hard-switched PWM operation and variable frequency quasi-resonant operation. The proposed approach reduces the switching loss at medium and light load effectively without increasing the conduction loss. The proposed scheme was implemented and tested with a 90~265Vac/5V, 30W off-line flyback converter.

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Active mode power supply efficiency: key issues, measured data and the design competition opportunity

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Radio Resource Allocation in Low-to Medium-Load Regimes for Energy Minimization With C-RAN

Radio Resource Allocation in Low-to Medium-Load Regimes for Energy Minimization With C-RAN

Data Center Challenges and Their Power Electronics

A hybrid control method to maximize efficiency for active mode efficiency regulation

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