Active Methamphetamine Use is Associated with Transmitted Drug Resistance to Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors in Individuals with HIV Infection of Unknown Duration

Moini, Niousha; Pond, Sergei L. Kosakovsky; Pesano, Rick L.; Lie, Yolanda; Aiem, Heidi; Butler, David; Letendre, Scott; Mathews, Wm.Christopher; Smith, Davey M.

doi:10.2174/187461360701015063

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…In a feline immunodeficiency virus model, methamphetamine markedly increased viral replication in astrocytes, facilitating cell‐associated infection 27 . Thus, methamphetamine use leads to poor viral control and promotes resistance to antiretroviral drugs 28 . In the brain of HIV‐infected methamphetamine users, there is induction of interferon‐inducible genes, suggesting a dysregulation of the innate immune responses 29 …”

Section: Effects Of Drugs Of Abuse On Hiv Replicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human immunodeficiency virus–associated neurocognitive disorder

Nath

2010

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in the United States and increasingly in other parts of the world is now being driven by drug-abusing populations. Both HIV infection and drugs of abuse affect the basal ganglia, hippocampal structures, and the prefrontal cortex. Understanding the interactions between the two and their combined effects is critical. In vitro studies show that opiates, methamphetamine, and cocaine can potentiate HIV replication and can enhance or synergize with HIV proteins to cause glial cell activation, neurotoxicity, and breakdown of the blood-brain barrier. Many of these studies have been confirmed in vivo by using rodent models. However, the complexities of polydrug addiction and drug withdrawal have yet to be examined in simian models of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder. Clinical studies in substance-abusing, HIV-positive patients pose multiple challenges whether aimed at studying disease pathogenesis or conducting clinical trials. This review examines the literature to date, lists the experimental challenges faced by researchers studying effects of drug addiction on HIV neuropathogenesis, and suggests future directions for research.

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Section: Effects Of Drugs Of Abuse On Hiv Replicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human immunodeficiency virus–associated neurocognitive disorder

Nath

2010

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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“…While ART has been shown to reduce sexual transmission of HIV by 96% in a recent clinical trial , failure to adhere to ART regimens can result in seroconversions by sexual transmission, probably as a result of inadequate suppression of HIV viral load in plasma, semen and cervicovaginal fluids . In terms of the direct effects of club drugs, one study actually suggests that amphetamine use can result in transmitted drug resistance rendering some ART medicines ineffective in these individuals , and yet another study indicates that amphetamines can directly stimulate HIV viral replication . The combination of exaggerated high‐risk sexual behaviour among club drug users and the potentially higher transmission efficiency of HIV‐infected club drug users highlights the urgent need for a better understanding of this problem, so that effective interventions can be implemented quickly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Club drug use and associated high‐risk sexual behaviour in six provinces in China

Bao

Liu

et al. 2014

Addiction

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Aim To investigate the characteristics of the different club drugs and associated high-risk sexual behaviours in China. Design Multicentre cross-sectional study. Setting Drug Detoxification and Rehabilitation Centres in six provinces, China. Participants A total of 1434 eligible club drug users were included. Measurements Participants were investigated by trained interviewers using a self-designed structured questionnaire to collect information on club drug use and associated behaviours. Findings Methamphetamine was the most commonly abused drug in participants (73.92%), who used it in their or their friends' homes by non-injection for the purpose of feeling euphoria. Among participants with sexual behaviours after club drug use, 75.21% reported having engaged in sex with multiple partners after club drug use during the past year and 79.84% had unprotected sex after using club drug during the past year. A two-level logistic model showed that male gender [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 7.14; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 4.17-12.5], unmarried (AOR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.04-2.79), long duration of club drug use during their lifetime (AOR = 1.76, 95% CI = 1.28-2.42) and severe acute intoxication after using club drugs during the past year (AOR = 2.11, 95% CI = 1.07-4.15) were independent risk factors of multiple sex partners during the past year. Another two-level model showed that the club drug users who were female (AOR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.03-3.11) and had polydrug use during their lifetime (AOR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.01-2.34) had more risk for unprotected sex during the past year than without these characteristics. Conclusion High-risk sexual behaviours are common among club drug users in China. The prevention and intervention of club drug use could decrease the risk of sexual behaviours which further prevent HIV transmission and other sexually transmitted infections in China.

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“…Furthermore, for the purpose of investigating how methamphetamine abuse (which is frequently observed in HIV‐1 patients 93 ) could accelerate HIV‐1 disease progression, a recent study has investigated the impact of methamphetamine on IL‐1β production and the impact of IL‐1β on HIV‐1 replication in CD4 + T cells 94 . It is worth mentioning that at the behavioural level, methamphetamine abuse can increase HIV‐1 spread by fostering risky sexual behaviours and reducing the adherence to anti‐retroviral therapies 95,96 . Methamphetamine abuse has been reported to increase HIV‐1 replication by enhancing the infection of target cells such as macrophages, activating the HIV‐1 LTR, decreasing the frequency and functionality of T cells, and or altering the cytokines production 97–100 .…”

Section: Il‐1β and The Pathogenesis Of Human Immunodeficiency Virus T...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of IL‐1β during human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection

Yaseen

Abuharfeil

Darmani

2022

Reviews in Medical Virology

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Interleukin (IL)-1β is a key innate cytokine that is essential for immune activation and promoting the inflammatory process. However, abnormal elevation in IL-1β levels has been associated with unwanted clinical outcomes. IL-1β is the most extensively studied cytokine among the IL-1 family of cytokines and its role in pathology is well established. During the course of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection, the level of this proinflammatory cytokine is increased in different anatomical compartments, particularly in lymphatic tissues, and this elevation is associated with disease progression. The aim of this review is to address the pathological roles play by IL-1β in the light of enhancing HIV-1 replication, driving immune cell depletion, and chronic immune activation. The role of IL-1β in HIV-1 transmission (sexually or vertically 'from mother-to-child') will also be discussed. Additionally, the impact of the available antiretroviral therapy regimens on the levels of IL-1β in HIV-1 treated patients is also discussed. Finally, we will provide a glance on how IL-1β could be targeted as a therapeutic strategy.

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Active Methamphetamine Use is Associated with Transmitted Drug Resistance to Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors in Individuals with HIV Infection of Unknown Duration

Cited by 4 publications

References 25 publications

Human immunodeficiency virus–associated neurocognitive disorder

Human immunodeficiency virus–associated neurocognitive disorder

Club drug use and associated high‐risk sexual behaviour in six provinces in China

The role of IL‐1β during human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection

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