Active immunization against gonadotrophin-releasing hormone in Chinese male pigs: effects of dose on antibody titer, hormone levels and sexual development

Zeng, Xian Y.; Turkstra, J.A.; Meloen, Rob H.; Liu, Xian Y.; Chen, Fa Q.; Schaaper, W.M.M.; Oonk, Hendrica B.; Guo, Da; Wiel, D.F.M. van de

doi:10.1016/s0378-4320(02)00014-3

Cited by 42 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Another explanation is that some animals do not react to the vaccination, or have not been correctly vaccinated. The so-called nonresponders have been identified by Zeng et al (2002a), Jaros et al (2005) and Hilbe et al (2006). …”

Section: Meat Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Meta-analysis of the effect of immunocastration on production performance, reproductive organs and boar taint compounds in pigs

Batorek

Čandek-Potokar

Bonneau

et al. 2012

Animal

115

102

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Meta-analytical approach was used to quantitatively synthesize the effect of immunocastration on growth, carcass, meat quality, reproductive organs and boar taint compounds. Altogether, 41 papers were collected for effect size (θ) calculation and the comparisons were made with entire males (EM) and surgical castrates (SC). The data for reproductive organs and growth performance are numerous enough to draw firm conclusions. In contrast, data for carcass and meat quality are more limited. Results of meta-analysis show efficient immunocastration with the magnitude of the response being by far the largest for reproductive organs (θ= −2.8 to −5.0) and boar taint substances (θ= −2.8 and −0.8 for androstenone and skatole, respectively). However, compared with SC, the immunocastrates exhibit larger bulbourethral glands (θ= 1.3) and slightly higher concentrations of androstenone and skatole (θ= 0.1 andθ= 0.2, respectively). The impact of immunocastration is also remarkable on performance, where the main advantage of the immunocastrates is their boar-like performance until revaccination. In the period following the second vaccination, they eat much more than EM (θ= 2.1), resulting in large effect size for growth rate compared with both EM and SC (θ= 1.1 andθ= 1.4, respectively). Considering the whole fattening period, their feed conversion ratio is higher compared with EM (θ= 0.6) and much lower than that of SC (θ= −1.3), although exhibiting moderately faster growth compared with both (θ= 0.6 andθ= 0.2, respectively). With regard to carcass quality, the immunocastrates take intermediate position between EM and SC. Besides, our analysis suggests no difference in meat quality with SC and some meat quality advantages of immunocastrates over EM because of higher intramuscular fat content (θ= 0.4) and lower shear force (θ= −0.6).

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Section: Meat Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Meta-analysis of the effect of immunocastration on production performance, reproductive organs and boar taint compounds in pigs

Batorek

Čandek-Potokar

Bonneau

et al. 2012

Animal

115

102

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“…There are, however, some animals which are not successfully immunised because they do not respond to the vaccination (Zeng et al, 2002;Jaros et al, 2005). Furthermore, in field conditions, it can be expected that more animals will escape immunocastration because they have not been properly vaccinated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accessory sex glands as a tool to measure the efficacy of immunocastration in male pigs

Bonneau

2010

Animal

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The use of an anti-gonadotropin-releasing hormone vaccine for immunocastration of male pigs has been recently approved in the European Union. This technique is potentially useful for avoiding both castration-associated pain for the animal and boar taint in pork. However, some animals may escape immunocastration and be slaughtered as entire males, potentially exhibiting boar taint. Therefore, it is important to check the efficacy of immunocastration on the slaughter line. To achieve that, the currently proposed method, based on testis weight, is not fully reliable because there is some overlap in the distributions of testis weight between immunocastrates and entire males. On the basis of literature data on the effect of immunocastration on the development of accessory sex glands, this paper provides evidence that the weight of seminal vesicles might be a much better criterion for checking the efficacy of immunocastration, because their size decreases more rapidly, and to a greater extent, than that of the testis.

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“…The samples were labeled using random 3-digit codes [21]. The cooked meat samples were provided to 122 Thai consumers, 51 men and 71 women, ages 19 to 45, for sensory evaluation.…”

Section: Sensory Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After tasting all three samples, the consumers completed a questionnaire which included questions on odor, flavor and taste. All parameters were scored using a five point Likert scale: 1, dislike a lot; 2, dislike; 3, can't differentiate; 4, like; and 5, like a lot [21].…”

Section: Sensory Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone immunization and castration in male pigs: effects on growth, hormonal levels, antibody titer response, testicular function, back fat, and consumers' sensory perceptions

Yamsakul¹,

Patchanee²,

Yano³

et al. 2017

Korean Journal of Veterinary Research

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This study investigated the effects of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) vaccine on pig growth, carcass quality, and sensory perceptions of pork meat by Thai consumers. Male crossbred pigs (n = 30) were separated into three groups of 10 pigs each: boars, immunocastrated pigs, and surgically castrated pigs. The immunocastrated group was immunized at 13 and 19 weeks of age with GnRH vaccine (400 µg/dose). All pigs were slaughtered at 24 weeks of age. Blood samples were collected and testes size determined. Testes weight and back fat thickness were recorded at the time of slaughter, and meat samples were collected for sensory assessment by Thai consumers. Testosterone and progesterone concentration levels decreased significantly two weeks after the second dose of GnRH (p < 0.05), and the GnRH antibody titer of the immunocastrated pigs was significantly high two weeks after the second dose of GnRH (p < 0.05). GnRH vaccine significantly reduced the weight and size of testes. Thai consumers reported no significant differences in odor or flavor among meat samples from the three groups. In conclusion, immunocastration improved growth performance, removed the need for castration surgery, and avoided "boar taint" in the meat. It has also no distinct trace of the boar taint same as pork that is currently produced from physically castrated pig which is making it acceptable to consumers.

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Active immunization against gonadotrophin-releasing hormone in Chinese male pigs: effects of dose on antibody titer, hormone levels and sexual development

Cited by 42 publications

References 19 publications

Meta-analysis of the effect of immunocastration on production performance, reproductive organs and boar taint compounds in pigs

Meta-analysis of the effect of immunocastration on production performance, reproductive organs and boar taint compounds in pigs

Accessory sex glands as a tool to measure the efficacy of immunocastration in male pigs

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone immunization and castration in male pigs: effects on growth, hormonal levels, antibody titer response, testicular function, back fat, and consumers' sensory perceptions

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