Active Hydrothermal Activity at Franklin Seamount, Western Woodlark Sea (Papua New Guinea)

Lisitsyn, A. P.; Binns, R. A.; Bogdanov, Yu. A.; Scott, S. D.; Zonenshayn, L. P.; Gordeyev, V. V.; Gurvich, Ye. G.; Murav'yev, K. G.; Serova, Valentina

doi:10.1080/00206819109465734

Cited by 19 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Although Si(OH) 4 in the fluid was calculated to be undersaturated with respect to amorphous silica at the sampled vent site, Fig. 7 shows that silica can precipitate as FeSiO 3 at a pH higher than 7.7 and lower f(O 2 ) than for Fe 3 (OH) 8 .…”

Section: Chemical Conditions Of Formationmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…7OH) 2 (fresh ferrous hydroxide) z H 2 O z 1/2O 2 Fe(OH) 2 (fresh ferrous hydroxide) z 2H z~F e 2z z 2H 2 O SiO 2 (amorphous) z 2H 2 O~Si(OH) 4 FeSiO 3 (ferrosilite) z 3H 2 O~Fe(OH) 2 (fresh ferrous hydroxide) z Si (OH) 4 FeSiO 3 (ferrosilite) z 10H 2 O z 1/2O 2F e3(OH) 8 (fresh ferrosic hydroxide) z 3Si(OH) 4 FeSiO 3 (ferrosilite) z H 2 O z 2H z~F e 2z z Si(OH)4 …”

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confidence: 99%

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Microbial and hydrothermal aspects of ferric oxyhydroxides and ferrosic hydroxides: the example of Franklin Seamount, Western Woodlark Basin, Papua New Guinea

Boyd

Scott

2001

Geochem. Trans.

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Deposits of Fe-Si-Mn oxyhydroxides are commonly found on the seafloor on seamounts and mid-ocean spreading centers. At Franklin Seamount located near the western extremity of Woodlark Basin, Papua New Guinea, Fe-Si-Mn oxyhydroxides are being precipitated as chimneys and mounds upon a substrate of mafic lava. Previous studies have shown that the vent fluids have a low temperature (20-30 uC) and are characterized by a total dissolved iron concentration of 0.038 mM kg 21 , neutral pH (6.26) and no measurable H 2 S. The chimneys have a yellowish appearance with mottled red-orange patches when observed in situ from a submersible, but collected samples become redder within a few hours of being removed from the sea. The amorphous iron oxyhydroxides, obtained from active and inactive vents, commonly possess filamentous textures similar in appearance to sheaths and stalks excreted by the iron-oxidizing bacteria Leptothrix and Gallionella; however, formless agglomerates are also common. Textural relationships between apparent bacterial and non-bacterial iron suggest that the filaments are coeval with and/or growing outwards from the agglomerates. The amorphous iron oxyhydroxides are suggested to precipitate hydrothermally as ferrosic hydroxide, a mixed-valence (Fe 2z -Fe 3z ) green-yellow iron hydroxide compound. Consideration of the thermodynamics and kinetics of iron in the vent fluid, suggest that the precipitation is largely pH controlled and that large amounts of amorphous iron oxyhydroxides are capable of being precipitated by a combination of abiotic hydrothermal processes. Some biologically induced precipitation of primary ferric oxyhydroxides (two-XRD-line ferrihydrite) may have occurred directly from the fluid, but most of the filamentous iron microtextures in the samples appear to have a diagenetic origin. They may have formed as a result of the interaction between the iron-oxidizing bacteria and the initially precipitated ferrosic hydroxide that provided a source of ferrous iron needed for their growth. The processes described at Franklin Seamount provide insight into the formation of other seafloor oxyhydroxide deposits and ancient oxide-facies iron formation.

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Section: Chemical Conditions Of Formationmentioning

confidence: 98%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial and hydrothermal aspects of ferric oxyhydroxides and ferrosic hydroxides: the example of Franklin Seamount, Western Woodlark Basin, Papua New Guinea

Boyd

Scott

2001

Geochem. Trans.

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“…Submersible observations of the chimneys and shipboard examination of the samples found no indication of macro-biological activity except for a few worm casts. 4,5 The genus Gallionella is identified at the vent sites by its spirally …”

Section: Iron Oxidizing Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial and hydrothermal aspects of ferric oxyhydroxides and ferrosic hydroxides: the example of Franklin Seamount, Western Woodlark Basin, Papua New Guinea

Boyd

Scott

2001

Geochem Trans

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Deposits of Fe-Si-Mn oxyhydroxides are commonly found on the seafloor on seamounts and mid-ocean spreading centers. At Franklin Seamount located near the western extremity of Woodlark Basin, Papua New Guinea, Fe-Si-Mn oxyhydroxides are being precipitated as chimneys and mounds upon a substrate of mafic lava. Previous studies have shown that the vent fluids have a low temperature (20-30 uC) and are characterized by a total dissolved iron concentration of 0.038 mM kg 21, neutral pH (6.26) and no measurable H 2 S. The chimneys have a yellowish appearance with mottled red-orange patches when observed in situ from a submersible, but collected samples become redder within a few hours of being removed from the sea. The amorphous iron oxyhydroxides, obtained from active and inactive vents, commonly possess filamentous textures similar in appearance to sheaths and stalks excreted by the iron-oxidizing bacteria Leptothrix and Gallionella; however, formless agglomerates are also common. Textural relationships between apparent bacterial and non-bacterial iron suggest that the filaments are coeval with and/or growing outwards from the agglomerates. The amorphous iron oxyhydroxides are suggested to precipitate hydrothermally as ferrosic hydroxide, a mixed-valence (Fe 2z -Fe 3z ) green-yellow iron hydroxide compound. Consideration of the thermodynamics and kinetics of iron in the vent fluid, suggest that the precipitation is largely pH controlled and that large amounts of amorphous iron oxyhydroxides are capable of being precipitated by a combination of abiotic hydrothermal processes. Some biologically induced precipitation of primary ferric oxyhydroxides (two-XRD-line ferrihydrite) may have occurred directly from the fluid, but most of the filamentous iron microtextures in the samples appear to have a diagenetic origin. They may have formed as a result of the interaction between the iron-oxidizing bacteria and the initially precipitated ferrosic hydroxide that provided a source of ferrous iron needed for their growth. The processes described at Franklin Seamount provide insight into the formation of other seafloor oxyhydroxide deposits and ancient oxide-facies iron formation.

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“…The PACLARK and SUPACLARK series of cruises in 1986-1991 (Binns et al, , 1989(Binns et al, , 1990Lisitsin et al, 1991;Benes et al, 1994) (Taylor et al, 1996).…”

Section: Recent Research Programsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Woodlark Basin

Huchon¹,

Taylor²,

Klaus³

1998

ODP Scientific Prospectus

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This Scientific Prospectus is based on pre-cruise JOIDES panel discussions and scientific input from the designated Co-Chief Scientists on behalf of the drilling proponents. The operational plans within reflect JOIDES Planning Committee and thematic panel priorities. During the course of the cruise, actual site operations may indicate to the Co-Chief Scientists and the Operations Manager that it would be scientifically or operationally advantageous to amend the plan detailed in this prospectus. It should be understood that any proposed changes to the plan presented here are contingent upon approval of the Director of the Ocean Drilling Program in consultation with the Science and Operations Committees (successors to the Planning Committee) and the Pollution Prevention and Safety Panel.Technical Editor: Karen K. Graber Leg 180 will drill a transect of three sites just ahead of the spreading tip: ACE-9a on the down flexed northern margin; ACE-8a through the rift basin sediments, the low-angle normal fault zone, and into the footwall; and ACE-3c near the crest of the footwall fault block (Moresby Seamount).The primary objectives at these sites are (1) to characterize the composition and in situ properties (stress, permeability, temperature, pressure, physical properties, and fluid pressure) of an active low-angle normal fault zone to understand how such faults slip, and (2) to determine the vertical motion history of both the downflexed hanging wall and the unloaded footwall as local groundtruth for input into regional models to determine the timing and amount of extension prior to spreading initiation.

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Active Hydrothermal Activity at Franklin Seamount, Western Woodlark Sea (Papua New Guinea)

Cited by 19 publications

References 5 publications

Microbial and hydrothermal aspects of ferric oxyhydroxides and ferrosic hydroxides: the example of Franklin Seamount, Western Woodlark Basin, Papua New Guinea

Microbial and hydrothermal aspects of ferric oxyhydroxides and ferrosic hydroxides: the example of Franklin Seamount, Western Woodlark Basin, Papua New Guinea

Microbial and hydrothermal aspects of ferric oxyhydroxides and ferrosic hydroxides: the example of Franklin Seamount, Western Woodlark Basin, Papua New Guinea

Woodlark Basin

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